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New Frontiers in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

机译:新的前沿治疗1型糖尿病

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摘要

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the in imune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells that results in lifelong absolute insulin deficiency. For nearly a century, insulin replacement has been the only therapy for most people living with this disease. Recent advances in technology and our understanding of beta cell development, glucose metabolism, and the underlying immune pathogenesis of the disease have led to innovative therapeutic and preventative approaches. A paradigm shift in immunotherapy development toward the targeting of islet-specific immune pathways involved in tolerance has driven the development of therapies that may allow for the prevention or reversal of this disease while avoiding toxicities associated with historical approaches that were broadly immunosuppressive. In this review, we discuss successes, failures, and emerging pharmacological therapies for type 1 diabetes that are changing how we approach this disease, from improving glycemic control to developing the "holy grail" of disease prevention.
机译:1型糖尿病是一种由Inmune介导的胰腺β细胞破坏引起的自身免疫性疾病,导致终身绝对胰岛素缺乏。对于近一个世纪,胰岛素替代是大多数人患有这种疾病的唯一疗法。最近的技术进步和我们对β细胞发育,葡萄糖新陈代谢以及疾病的潜在免疫发病机制导致了创新的治疗和预防方法。免疫疗法发展的范式转变旨在涉及耐受性的胰岛特异性免疫途径,推动了可能允许预防或逆转这种疾病的疗法的发展,同时避免与广泛免疫抑制的历史方法相关的毒性。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了1型糖尿病的成功,失败和新兴药理学疗法,这些糖尿病正在改变我们如何接近这种疾病,从而改善血糖控制,以发展疾病预防的“圣杯”。

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