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Genetically Encoded FRET-Based Tension Sensors

机译:基因编码的基于FRET的张力传感器

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摘要

Genetically encoded Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tension sensors measure piconewton-scale forces across individual molecules in living cells or whole organisms. These biosensors show comparably high FRET efficiencies in the absence of tension, but FRET quickly decreases when forces are applied. In this article, we describe how such biosensors can be generated for a specific protein of interest, and we discuss controls to confirm that the observed differences in FRET efficiency reflect changes in molecular tension. These FRET efficiency changes can be related to mechanical forces as the FRET-force relationship of the employed tension sensor modules are calibrated. We provide information on construct generation, expression in cells,and image acquisition using live-cell fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). Moreover, we describe how to analyze, statistically evaluate, and interpret the resulting data sets. Together, these protocols should enable the reader to plan, execute, and interpret FRET-based tension sensor experiments.
机译:基因编码的FORSTER共振能量转移(FRET)基于张力传感器测量活细胞或整个生物中各个分子的PICONEWTON-SCALE力。这些生物传感器在没有张力的情况下表现出相对的褶皱效率,但在施加力时,FRET迅速降低。在本文中,我们描述了如何为特定感兴趣的蛋白质生成这种生物传感器,并且我们讨论对照,以证实观察到的FRET效率的差异反映了分子张力的变化。由于所采用的张力传感器模块的压力关系被校准,这些FRET效率变化可能与机械力有关。我们提供关于构建细胞中的构建,表达和使用活小组荧光寿命成像显微镜(FLIM)的图像采集的信息。此外,我们描述了如何分析,统计评估和解释所得到的数据集。这些协议在一起应使读者能够计划,执行和解释基于FRET的张力传感器实验。

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