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首页> 外文期刊>Acta oecologica >The impact of specialist and generalist pre-dispersal seed predators on the reproductive output of a common and a rare Euphorbia species
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The impact of specialist and generalist pre-dispersal seed predators on the reproductive output of a common and a rare Euphorbia species

机译：专家和通才的种子前掠食者对一品红和一品红的繁殖产量的影响

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摘要

Pre-dispersal seed predators can have a severe impact on the reproductive output of their hosts, which can translate into negative effects on population dynamics. Here we compared the losses due to specialist and generalist insect seed predators in two Euphorbia species, a rare (Euphorbia welwitschii) and a common one (Euphorbia characias). Pre-dispersal losses to specialist seed-wasps (Eurytoma jaltica) and generalist hemipterans (Cydnus aterrimus and Dicranocephalus agilis) were on average higher for the rare E. welwitschii than for its widespread congener. In both Euphorbia species, the variation in losses to specialist and generalist seed predators was not related with traits indicative of plant size, fecundity, or isolation. Nevertheless, the temporal variation in losses to seed-wasps seemed to be intimately associated with the magnitude of yearly variation in fruit production. The impact of seed-wasps and hemipterans on the reproductive output of both Euphorbia species was additive, though there was evidence for infochemical-mediated interference at the fruit level. The moderate levels of seed predation in E. welwitschii. together with the results from the comparative analysis with its widespread congener, suggest that insect seed predation is not a causal effect of plant rarity.
机译：种子前掠食者会对其寄主的繁殖产量产生严重影响，这可能对种群动态产生负面影响。在这里，我们比较了两种大戟属物种（一种珍稀种（Euphorbia welwitschii）和一种常见种（Euphorbia characias））由于专业和通用昆虫种子捕食者而造成的损失。稀有的大肠埃希氏菌对专业黄蜂（Eurytoma jaltica）和全能半翅类（Cydnus aterrimus和Dicranocephalus agilis）的分散前损失平均高于其广泛的同类。在两种大戟属物种中，专业和普通种子天敌的损失变化与指示植物大小，繁殖力或分离的性状无关。然而，种子黄蜂损失的时间变化似乎与水果产量的年变化量密切相关。尽管有证据表明在果实水平上信息化学介导的干扰，但种子黄蜂和半萜类对大戟属两个物种的生殖产量的影响是加和的。中等水平的捕食E. welwitschii。与其具有广泛同源性的比较分析结果一起，表明昆虫种子的捕食并不是植物稀有性的因果关系。

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