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RSV-specific anti-viral immunity is disrupted by chronic ethanol consumption

机译：RSV特异性抗病毒免疫因慢性乙醇消耗而破坏

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摘要

Alcohol-use disorders (AUD) persist in the United States and are heavily associated with an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in particular has received attention as a viral pathogen commonly detected in children and immune-compromised populations (elderly, asthmatics), yet more recently was recognized as an important viral pathogen in young adults. Our study evaluated the exacerbation of RSV-associated illness in mice that chronically consumed alcohol for 6 weeks prior to infection. Prior studies showed that lung viral titers remained elevated in these animals, leading to a hypothesis that T-cell activation and immune specificity were deficient in controlling viral spread and replication in the lungs. Herein, we confirm a reduction in RSV-specific IFN gamma production by CD8 T cells and a depolarization of Th1 (CD4+IFN gamma+) and Th2 (CD4+1-4+) T cells at day 5 after RSV infection. Furthermore, over the course of viral infection (day 1 to day 7 after RSV infection), we detected a delayed influx of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and lymphocytes into the lungs. Taken together, the data show that both the early and late adaptive immunity to RSV infection are altered by chronic ethanol consumption. Future studies will determine the interactions between the innate and adaptive immune systems to delineate therapeutic targets for individuals with AUD often hospitalized by respiratory infection. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：酒精使用障碍（AUD）在美国持续存在，并且与增加对呼吸道病毒感染的易感性大量相关。特别是呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）特别是在儿童和免疫损害群体（老年人，哮喘）中常见的病毒病原体的注意，最近被认为是年轻人的重要病毒病原体。我们的研究评估了在感染前6周长期消耗酒精的老鼠中的RSV相关疾病的加剧。事先研究表明，在这些动物中保持肺病毒滴度，导致T细胞活化和免疫特异性在控制肺中的病毒涂布和复制方面具有缺乏的假设。在此，我们在RSV感染后第5天通过CD8 T细胞和Th1（CD4 + 1-4 +）T细胞的CD8 T细胞和Th2（CD4 + 1-4 +）T细胞的去极化降低了RSV特异性IFNγ产生。此外，在病毒感染过程（RSV感染后第1天至第7天），我们检测到中性粒细胞，单核细胞/巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的延迟流入肺部。在一起，数据表明，通过慢性乙醇消费改变了RSV感染的早期和晚期适应性抗扰度。未来的研究将确定先天和适应性免疫系统之间的相互作用，以通过呼吸道感染通常住院的患者划定患有澳元的人的治疗目标。 （c）2016年Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Alcohol》 |2016年第2016期|共8页
  • 作者

    Warren Kristi J.; Simet Samantha M.; Pavlik Jacqueline A.; DeVasure Jane M.; Sisson Joseph H.; Poole Jill A.; Wyatt Todd A.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

    Univ Nebraska Med Ctr Pulm Crit Care Sleep &

    Allergy Div 985910 Nebraska Med Ctr Omaha NE 68198;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 中毒及化学性损害;
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