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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnologie, Agronomie Societe et Environnement >Larvicidal activity against Anopheles gambiae Giles and chemical composition of essential oils from four plants cultivated in Cameroon
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Larvicidal activity against Anopheles gambiae Giles and chemical composition of essential oils from four plants cultivated in Cameroon

机译：喀麦隆种植的四种植物对冈比亚按蚊的杀幼虫活性和精油的化学成分

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摘要

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of dry leaves from Cymbopogon citrates (DC.) Stapf, Ocimum canum Sims, Ocimum gratissimum L. var 'gratissimum' L. and Thymus vulgaris L. cultivated in Cameroon were analyzed and their larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae Giles were determined. The yields of extraction indicate that T. vulgaris (0.95%) was richer in essential oil than C. citratus (0.67%). O. canum and O. gratissimum have approximately the same content in volatile constituents (0.59% and 0.60%, respectively). The analyses by GC and GC/MS showed that these oils are monoterpenic (86.8-97.4%). Oxygenated monoterpenes predominate in C. citratus and O. canum (81.6% and 68.9%, respectively) while O. gratissimum oil contains a majority of monoterpene hydrocarbons (61.0%). T. vulgaris is characterized by the same proportion of monoterpene hydrocarbons (45.6%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (48.9%). The main compounds found in the essential oil of C. citratus are acyclic monoterpenes such as geraniol (15.6%), geranial (39.3%), neral (21.9%) and myrcene (14.0%). The essential oil of T. vulgaris is characterized by p-menthane structures given by thymol (40.1%), p-cymene (23.4%) and gamma -terpinene (15.1%); p-cymene (32.1%) and thymol (24.3%) were also the constituents quantitatively important in O. gratissimum essential oil while linalool (56.3%) and limonene (10.9%) were predominant in O. canum. Bioassay test done by the World Health Organization standard protocol revealed that these essential oils have remarkable larvicidal properties as they could induce 100% mortality in the larvae of A. gambiae at the concentration of 100 ppm for C. citratus, 200 ppm with T. vulgaris, 350 ppm for O. gratissimum and 400 ppm for O. canum. Their LC sub(50) and LC sub(80) show the same reactivity order. The essential oil of C. citratus was found to be the most efficient, with respective values of: LC sub(50)= 18 ppm and LC sub(80) = 25 ppm.
机译：分析了在喀麦隆种植的柠檬柠檬柏（Cymbopogon柠檬酸盐）（DC。）Stapf，Ocimum canum Sims，Ocimum gratissimum L. var'gratissimum L.和百里香百里香L.对冈比亚按蚊的四龄幼虫进行了测定。提取物的产量表明，普通百日草（0.95％）比柠檬柠条（0.67％）富含精油。 O. canum和O. gratissimum的挥发性成分含量大致相同（分别为0.59％和0.60％）。通过GC和GC / MS进行的分析表明，这些油是单萜的（86.8-97.4％）。柠檬单胞菌和卡纳姆油菜中含氧的单萜类化合物占主导地位（分别为81.6％和68.9％），而免费提香油中的单萜碳氢化合物含量最高（61.0％）。寻常型锥虫的特征是相同比例的单萜碳氢化合物（45.6％）和含氧单萜（48.9％）。在柠檬衣梭菌精油中发现的主要化合物是无环单萜，例如香叶醇（15.6％），香叶醛（39.3％），神经醛（21.9％）和月桂烯（14.0％）。寻常型锥虫的精油的特征在于百里酚（40.1％），对伞花烃（23.4％）和γ-萜品烯（15.1％）的对-薄荷烷结构;对甲基苯丙胺（32.1％）和百里香酚（24.3％）也是O. gratissimum精油中定量重要的成分，而芳樟（56.3％）和柠檬烯（10.9％）在O. canum中占主要地位。根据世界卫生组织标准协议进行的生物测定测试表明，这些香精油具有显着的杀幼虫特性，因为它们可以诱导冈比亚按蚊的幼虫100％的死亡率，其中柠檬衣梭菌的浓度为100 ppm，而普通寻常锥虫的浓度为200 ppm。 ，O。gratissimum为350 ppm，O。canum为400 ppm。他们的LC sub（50）和LC sub（80）显示相同的反应顺序。发现柠檬柠檬梭菌的精油是最有效的，其各自的值为：LC sub（50）= 18 ppm和LC sub（80）= 25 ppm。

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