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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in enzyme regulation >Chemotherapeutic agents and gene expression in cardiac myocytes
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Chemotherapeutic agents and gene expression in cardiac myocytes

机译：心肌细胞中的化学治疗剂和基因表达

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Intracellular signalling pathways as chemotherapeutic targets Over many years, a major research focus has been the elucidation of the mechanisms of cell growth, division and survival, which are thus implicated in the development of cancer. As a consequence, several intracellular signalling pathways have been identified that promote one or more of these processes. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) [a family of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)] are particularly implicated in all three processes in cells capable of undergoing complete cycles of division (Sebolt-Leopold and Herrera, 2004). In contrast, activation of ERK1/2 in terminally differentiated cells such as cardiac myocytes (the contractile cells of the heart) is associated principally with hypertrophic growth (cell expansion in the absence of cytokinesis) and possibly with cell survival (Sugden, 2001; Bueno and Molkentin, 2002). Like all MAPKs, ERK1/2 is activated by dual phosphorylation of Thr- and Tyr-residues by upstream MAPK kinases (MKK1/2), which are, in turn, phosphorylated and activated by upstream MKK kinases (the Raf family kinases) (Chen et al., 2001).
机译：细胞内信号通路作为化学治疗的靶点多年来，一个主要的研究重点是阐明细胞生长，分裂和存活的机制，因此这些机制与癌症的发展有关。结果，已经鉴定了几种促进这些过程中的一个或多个的细胞内信号传导途径。细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（ERK1 / 2）[一种丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶（MAPK）家族]特别牵涉到能够经历完整分裂周期的细胞的所有三个过程中（Sebolt-Leopold和Herrera ，2004）。相反，终末分化细胞如心肌细胞（心脏的收缩细胞）中ERK1 / 2的活化主要与肥大性生长（在没有胞质分裂的情况下细胞扩增）有关，并可能与细胞存活有关（Sugden，2001; Bueno）和Molkentin，2002年）。与所有MAPK一样，ERK1 / 2被上游MAPK激酶（MKK1 / 2）的Thr和Tyr残基双重磷酸化激活，而后者又被上游MKK激酶（Raf家族激酶）磷酸化和激活（Chen等人，2001）。

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