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首页> 外文期刊>European thyroid journal >Overdiagnosis of Juvenile Thyroid Cancer
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Overdiagnosis of Juvenile Thyroid Cancer

机译：过度输入的少年甲状腺癌

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Overdiagnosis is the detection of a disease that does not do any harm to the patient throughout the lifetime. Thyroid cancer in children is a rare disease; however, since 2011, many children in Fukushima, Japan, have been diagnosed with it, and the number has shown a steady increase to over 200 cases at present. Some experts have stated that this phenomenon is due to overdiagnosis caused by thyroid ultrasound (US)-based thyroid screening detecting self-limiting thyroid cancer, which will not lead to clinical symptoms in the future. Harm caused by overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer is more serious in the young, since it is difficult to perform active surveillance and children diagnosed with cancer are likely to suffer from stigma. Thus, overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer in the young is not only a health problem but also a problem of human rights. Conflicts of interest among people related to screening programs and some experts with incomplete knowledge on overdiagnosis help to spread misleading opinions together with fear of radiation exposure among residents, which has led to their erroneous understanding of the nature of US-based thyroid screening. Scientific and honest discussions among experts to enhance education of residents and consideration of medical ethics are crucial to prevent the expansion of overdiagnosis.
机译：过度输入是检测在整个寿命期间对患者造成任何伤害的疾病。孩子们的甲状腺癌是一种罕见的疾病;然而，自2011年以来，日本福岛的许多儿童被诊断出来，该数量表现出稳定增加到200多例。一些专家表示，这种现象是由于甲状腺超声（美国）引起的过度诊断，被基于甲状腺筛查检测自限制甲状腺癌，这不会导致未来的临床症状。甲状腺癌过度诊断引起的伤害在年轻人中更严重，因为难以对患有癌症的患儿难以进行活跃的监测，并且可能患有耻辱感。因此，年轻人在甲状腺癌的过度诊断不仅是健康问题，而且是人权问题。与筛选方案和一些关于过度诊断知识有不完全知识有关的人民的利益冲突有助于将误导性与居民的辐射暴露一起传播，这导致他们对基于美国甲状腺筛查的性质的错误了解。专家的科学和诚实讨论加强居民教育，对医学伦理的审议至关重要，以防止过度诊断扩张。

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