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首页> 外文期刊>Experimental Brain Research >Age-related changes in neuromotor function when performing a concurrent motor task
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Age-related changes in neuromotor function when performing a concurrent motor task

机译：在执行并发电机任务时，神经电动机功能的年龄相关变化

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Aging is associated with physiological changes which can manifest as age-related slowing of voluntary movements. Dual-task conditions can magnify this slowing process in older adults. The current study describes healthy adult chewing patterns and examined effects of concurrent chewing on performance of simple reaction time (RT), finger tapping, and gait. Chewing rates were measured from electromyographic (EMG) activity from the masseter muscle. Stepping rates were calculated using accelerometers mounted on the lower trunk and leg. Tapping rates were collected using accelerometers secured to a fixed surface. Simple RT was attained from a purposely designed switch. Results demonstrated that older adults walked slower, tapped slower, and had slower reaction times compared to young individuals, however chew rates were similar. This dichotomy became more pronounced when motor tasks were performed at faster speeds, with the exception being chewing. Additionally, chewing altered performance of secondary motor tasks for all individuals. Strong coupling emerged between cyclical actions (i.e., chewing-gait and chewing-tapping), reflecting entrainment between the respective neural oscillators driving the actions. In contrast, RT responses slowed appreciably when chewing was performed concurrently, indicating an interference effect. Taken together, these results illustrate the contrasting effects of chewing on a secondary motor task and highlights bidirectional effects of dual tasking on performance.
机译：衰老与生理变化有关，可以表现为与年龄相关的自愿运动减慢。双任务条件可以在老年人中放大这种放缓过程。目前的研究描述了健康的成人咀嚼图案，并检查了同时咀嚼对简单反应时间（RT），手指攻丝和步态性能的影响。从肌肉肌肉的电拍摄（EMG）活性测量咀嚼速率。使用安装在下部行李箱和腿上的加速度计计算步进速率。使用固定到固定表面的加速度计收集攻丝速率。从故意设计的开关中获得了简单的Rt。结果表明，与年轻人相比，老年人走得更慢，拍打较慢，并且与年轻人相比，反应时间较慢，但咀嚼费率相似。当电机任务以更快的速度执行电机任务时，这种二分法变得更加明显，但咀嚼的异常。此外，咀嚼所有个人的辅助电机任务的改变性能。在周期性动作（即，咀嚼 - 步态和咀嚼敲击）之间出现的强耦合，反射各个神经振荡器之间驾驶动作之间的夹带。相反，在咀嚼同时进行咀嚼时，RT响应显着减慢，表明干扰效果。总之，这些结果说明了咀嚼对二级电机任务的对比效果，并突出了双重任务对性能的双向影响。

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