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首页> 外文期刊>Bioinspiration & biomimetics >Flow interactions of two- and three-dimensional networked bio-inspired control elements in an in-line arrangement
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Flow interactions of two- and three-dimensional networked bio-inspired control elements in an in-line arrangement

机译：三维网络生物启发控制元件在线排列中的流量交互

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We present experiments that examine the modes of interaction, the collective performance and the role of three-dimensionality in two pitching propulsors in an in-line arrangement. Both two-dimensional foils and three-dimensional rectangular wings of AR = 2 are examined. In contrast to previous work, two interaction modes distinguished as the coherent and branched wake modes are not observed to be directly linked to the propulsive efficiency, although they are linked to peak thrust performance and minimum power consumption as previously described (Boschitsch et al 2014 Phys. Fluids 26 051901). In fact, in closely-spaced propulsors peak propulsive efficiency of the follower occurs near its minimum power and this condition reveals a branched wake mode. Alternatively, for propulsors spaced far apart peak propulsive efficiency of the follower occurs near its peak thrust and this condition reveals a coherent wake mode. By examining the collective performance, it is discovered that there is an optimal spacing between the propulsors to maximize the collective efficiency. For two-dimensional foils the optimal spacing of X* = 0.75 and the synchrony of ? = 2 pi/3 leads to a collective efficiency and thrust enhancement of 42% and 38%, respectively, as compared to two isolated foils. In comparison, for AR = 2 wings the optimal spacing of X* = 0.25 and the synchrony of ? = 7 pi/ 6 leads to a collective efficiency and thrust enhancement of 25% and 15%, respectively. In addition, at the optimal conditions the collective lateral force coefficients in both the two- and three-dimensional cases are negligible, while operating off these conditions can lead to non-negligible lateral forces. Finally, the peak efficiency of the collective and the follower are shown to have opposite trends with increasing spacing in two- and three-dimensional flows. This is correlated to the breakdown of the impinging vortex on the follower wing in three-dimensions. These results can aid in the design of ne
机译：我们在线安排中介绍互动模式，集体性能和三维推进器中三维的作用。检查AR = 2的二维箔和三维矩形翅膀。与先前的工作相反，没有观察到作为相干和分支唤醒模式的两个相互作用模式被观察到与推进效率直接相关，尽管它们与先前描述的峰值推力性能和最小功耗相关联（Boschitsch等，2014 Phys 。液体26 051901）。事实上，在紧密间隔的推进器中，从动率的峰值推进效率在其最小功率附近发生，并且这种情况显示了支化的唤醒模式。或者，对于推进器间隔开的间隔较远，从峰值的峰值推进效率发生在其峰值推力附近，并且该条件揭示了相干的唤醒模式。通过检查集体性能，发现推进器之间存在最佳间隔，以最大限度地提高集体效率。对于二维箔，X * = 0.75的最佳间距和同步的？与两种分离的箔相比，2 PI / 3分别导致集体效率和32％和38％的增强效率和38％。相比之下，对于ar = 2翅膀x * = 0.25的最佳间隔和同步？ = 7 PI / 6导致集体效率分别为25％和15％的推力增强。另外，在最佳条件下，两个和三维情况下的集体横向力系数可忽略不计，同时从这些条件下运行可能导致不可忽略的横向力。最后，集体和跟随器的峰值效率显示出具有相反的趋势，随着两维流和三维流动的增​​加。这与三维撞击涡流的击穿涡流的分解相关。这些结果可以帮助ne的设计

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