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首页> 外文期刊>Addiction biology >Gene-environment interaction in problematic substance use: Interaction between DRD4 and insecure attachments
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Gene-environment interaction in problematic substance use: Interaction between DRD4 and insecure attachments

机译：有问题的物质使用中的基因-环境相互作用：DRD4与不安全附件之间的相互作用

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To investigate the combined effect of an exon III variable number tandem repeat in the dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) and insecure attachment style on risk for tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use problems in young adulthood. It was hypothesized that (1) individuals with 5, 6, 7 or 8 repeats (labelled 7R+) would be at increased risk for problematic drug use, and (2) risk for drug use would be further increased in individuals with 7R+ repeats who also have a history of insecure parent-child attachment relations. Data were drawn from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study, an eight-wave longitudinal study of adolescent and young adult development. DRD4 genotypes were available for 839 participants. Risk attributable to the combined effects of 7R+ genotype and insecure attachments was evaluated within a sufficient causes framework under the assumptions of additive interaction using a two-by-four table format with a common reference group. 7R+ alleles were associated with higher tobacco, cannabis and alcohol use (binging). Insecure attachments were associated with higher tobacco and cannabis use but lower alcohol use. For tobacco, there was evidence of interaction for anxious but not avoidant attachments. For cannabis, there was evidence of interaction for both anxious and avoidant attachments, although the interaction for anxious attachments was more substantial. There is no evidence of interaction for binge drinking. Results are consistent with a generic reward deficit hypothesis of drug addiction for which the 7R+ disposition may play a role. Interaction between 7R+ alleles and attachment insecurity may intensify risk for problematic tobacco and cannabis use.
机译：研究多巴胺受体基因（DRD4）中外显子III可变数目串联重复序列和不安全的依恋方式对成年青年吸烟，大麻和酗酒的风险的综合影响。假设（1）具有5、6、7或8个重复的个体（标记为7R +）会增加有问题的药物使用的风险，并且（2）具有7R +重复的个体还会进一步增加使用毒品的风险有不安全的亲子依恋关系的历史。数据来自《维多利亚州青少年健康队列研究》，这是一项针对青少年和年轻成年人发育的八波纵向研究。 DRD4基因型可供839名参与者使用。在加成相互作用的假设下，使用具有共同参照组的二乘四表格格式，在充分原因框架内评估了归因于7R +基因型和不安全依恋的组合效应的风险。 7R +等位基因与较高的烟草，大麻和酒精使用量有关。不安全的依恋与较高的烟草和大麻使用量和较低的酒精使用量有关。对于烟草，有证据表明存在焦虑而不是避免依恋的相互作用。对于大麻，有证据表明焦虑和回避依恋的相互作用，尽管焦虑依恋的相互作用更为明显。没有证据表明暴饮暴食有相互作用。结果与药物成瘾的通用奖励赤字假设相符，其中7R +的配置可能对此起作用。 7R +等位基因与附件不安全感之间的相互作用可能会增加烟草和大麻使用问题的风险。

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