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Translational models of prostate cancer bone metastasis

机译：前列腺癌骨转移的翻译模型

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Metastatic disease is the principal cause of prostate-cancer-related mortality. Our ability to accurately recapitulate the spread of prostate cancer to bone - the most common site of metastasis - is critical to the development of novel metastasis-directed therapies. Several translational models of prostate cancer bone metastasis have been developed, including animal models, cell line injection models, 3D in vitro models, bone implant models, and patient-derived xenograft models. The use of these models has led to numerous advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of metastasis and innovations in targeted therapy. Despite this progress, current models are limited by a failure to holistically reproduce each individual element of the metastatic cascade in prostate cancer bone metastasis. In addition, factors such as accurate recapitulation of immunobiological events and improvements in tumour heterogeneity require further consideration. Knowledge gained from historical and currently used models will improve the development of next-generation models. An introspective appraisal of current preclinical models demonstrating bone metastases is warranted to narrow research focus, improve future translational modelling, and expedite the delivery of urgently needed metastasis-directed treatments.
机译：转移性疾病是前列腺癌相关死亡率的主要原因。我们能够准确地重新延长前列腺癌对骨的蔓延 - 最常见的转移现场 - 对新型转移的疗法的发展至关重要。已经开发了几种前列腺癌骨转移的翻译模型，包括动物模型，细胞系注射模型，3D体外模型，骨植入模型和患者衍生的异种移植模型。这些模型的使用导致了阐明了诱导靶向治疗中转移和创新的分子机制的进展。尽管进行了这一进展，目前的模型受到在前列腺癌骨转移中的全能转发级联的每个单独元素的情况下的限制。此外，例如，准确地携带免疫生物事件和肿瘤异质性改善的因素需要进一步考虑。从历史和目前使用的模型中获得的知识将改善下一代模型的发展。对展示骨转移的目前临床前模型的一个内省鉴定得到了缩小研究重点，改善未来的翻译建模，并加快迫切需要转移的转移治疗方法。

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