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首页> 外文期刊>Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences >Molecular Markers and Concepts of Plant Evolutionary Relationships: Progress, Promise, and Future Prospects
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Molecular Markers and Concepts of Plant Evolutionary Relationships: Progress, Promise, and Future Prospects

机译：分子标记和植物进化关系的概念：进展，前景和未来前景。

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In just the past 20 years plant systematics has progressed from the sequencing of individual genes for a few taxa to routine sequencing of complete plastid and even nuclear genomes. Recent technological advances have made it possible to compile very large data sets, the analyses of which have in turn provided unprecedented insights into phylogeny and evolution. Indeed, this narrow window of a few decades will likely be viewed as a golden era in systematics. Relationships have been resolved at all taxonomic levels across all groups of photosynthetic life. In the angiosperms, problematic deep-level relationships have either been largely resolved, or will be resolved within the next several years. The same large data sets have also provided new insights into the many rapid radiations that have characterized angiosperm evolution. For example, all of the major lineages of angiosperms likely arose within a narrow window of just a few million years. At the population level, the ease of DNA sequencing has given new life to phylogeographic studies, and microsatellite analyses have become more commonplace, with a concomitant impact on conservation and population biology. With the wealth of sequence data soon to be available, we are on the cusp of assembling the first semi-comprehensive tree of life for many of the 15,000 genera of flowering plants and indeed for much of green life. Accompanying these opportunities are also enormous new computational/informatic challenges including the management and phylogenetic analysis of such large, sometimes fragmentary data sets, and visualization of trees with thousands of terminals.
机译：在过去的20年中，植物系统学已从几个分类单元的单个基因测序发展到完整的质体甚至核基因组的常规测序。最近的技术进步使得汇编非常大的数据集成为可能，而对这些数据集的分析又为系统发育和进化提供了空前的见识。确实，几十年的狭窄窗口很可能被视为系统学的黄金时代。所有类别的光合作用生命之间的关系已经得到解决。在被子植物中，有问题的深层关系或者已经得到很大解决，或者将在未来几年内得到解决。相同的大数据集也为被子植物进化的许多快速辐射提供了新的见解。例如，被子植物的所有主要谱系都可能在短短几百万年的狭窄窗口内出现。在人群一级，DNA测序的简便性为系统地理学研究注入了新的活力，而微卫星分析已变得更加普遍，对保护和种群生物学也产生了影响。有了即将获得的大量序列数据，我们正处于为15,000属开花植物中的许多，乃至许多绿色生命组装第一棵半综合生命树的风口浪尖。伴随这些机会的还有巨大的新计算/信息挑战，包括对如此大的，有时是零碎的数据集的管理和系统发育分析，以及具有数千个终端的树木的可视化。

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