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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy
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A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy

机译：甲硝唑综述：抗菌化疗中的古老骚动

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摘要

The 5-nitroimidazole drug metronidazole has remained the drug of choice in the treatment of anaerobic infections, parasitic as well as bacterial, ever since its development in 1959. In contrast to most other antimicrobials, it has a pleiotropic mode of action and reacts with a large number of molecules. Importantly, metronidazole, which is strictly speaking a prodrug, needs to be reduced at its nitro group in order to become toxic. Reduction of metronidazole, however, only takes place under very low concentrations of oxygen, explaining why metronidazole is exclusively toxic to microaerophilic and anaerobic microorganisms. In general, resistance rates amongst the pathogens treated with metronidazole have remained low until the present day. Nevertheless, metronidazole resistance does occur, and for the treatment of some pathogens, especially Helicobacter pylori, metronidazole has become almost useless in some parts of the world. This review will give an account on the current status of research on metronidazole's mode of action, metronidazole resistance in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and on other 5-nitroimidazoles in use.
机译：5-Nitroimidazole药物甲硝唑仍然是在1959年发展的厌氧感染，寄生和细菌的选择中的选择药物。与大多数其他抗菌药物相比，它具有脂肪的作用模式，并与a反应大量分子。重要的是，严格讲解前药的甲硝唑需要在其硝基组中减少以变得有毒。然而，甲硝唑的减少仅在非常低的氧气下进行，解释为什么甲硝唑完全毒性对微肠嗜酸性和厌氧微生物毒性。通常，用甲硝唑治疗的病原体中的耐药率保持低至当前。然而，甲硝唑抗性确实发生，并且对于一些病原体，特别是幽门螺杆菌，甲硝唑在世界某些地区几乎没用。该审查将在甲硝唑的作用方式，真核生物和原核生物中的甲硝唑抗性和其他5-硝基咪唑中的甲硝唑抗性的现状。

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