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首页> 外文期刊>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology: An International Journal for the Geo-Sciences >The turnover of dental microwear texture: Testing the 'last supper' effect in small mammals in a controlled feeding experiment
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The turnover of dental microwear texture: Testing the 'last supper' effect in small mammals in a controlled feeding experiment

机译：牙科微粉纹理的营业额：在受控喂养实验中测试小型哺乳动物中的“最后晚餐”效果

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Dental microwear texture (DMT) analysis is commonly applied for dietary reconstruction of vertebrates. The temporal scale on which dietarily informative microscopic wear forms on enamel surfaces is crucial to infer dietary flexibility and seasonality. Microwear is assumed to form shortly before the individual's death, reflecting information pertaining to the last meals consumed ("last supper" effect). In primate feeding experiments, microwear features formed within hours, suggesting rates of turnover within one to two weeks. As DMT formation experiments testing the persistence of microwear three-dimensionally (textures) are still lacking, we test how quickly DMTs form and pre-existing ones are overwritten in a terminal feeding experiment with 72 rats. In two groups of 36, rats received either a standard pelleted diet or the same pelleted diet containing 4% loess, an aeolian, silt-sized sediment, for 24 consecutive days. Then 6 individuals from each group were sacrificed, while the rest (n = 30) were switched to the diet they had not received before. On day 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 after the diet switch, 5 of the remaining individuals were sacrificed, creating a cohort of n = 5 each for each time point. We applied DMT analysis on first and second upper molars. For upper second molars, rats show a subsequent change in DMT after the switch, with visible differences from day 2 on. On upper first molars, microwear textures were variable for individuals sacrificed directly after the initial 24-day feeding period, thus obscuring significant differences in diet-induced dental wear. We find turnover faster and more pronounced when switching from loess-containing to standard pellet as compared to the opposite switch. The trend for either decreasing or increasing parameter values after the diet switch approaches a plateau between 16 and 24 days for many DMT parameters, suggesting that, under these experimental conditions, the "last supper" effect needs at least two weeks to overwrite previous DMT patterns.
机译：牙科微粉纹理（DMT）分析通常适用于脊椎动物的膳食重建。搪瓷表面上膳食信息性微观磨损形式的时间尺度至关重要，以推断膳食灵活性和季节性。假定在个人死亡前不久形成微米，反映了与消耗的最后一餐有关的信息（“最后的晚餐”效应）。在灵长类动物的饲养实验中，几小时内形成的微灌功能，建议在一到两周内的周转率。由于DMT形成实验测试微型三维（纹理）的持久性仍然缺乏，我们测试DMTS形式和预先存在于终端喂养实验中的速度如何快速，有72只大鼠。在两组36组中，大鼠接受了连续24天的含有4％黄土的标准颗粒饮食或含有4％黄土的同一颗粒饮食。然后处死来自每组的6个个体，而其余（n = 30）切换到他们之前未收到的饮食。在饮食开关之后的第1,2,4,8,16和24日，牺牲了5个剩余个体的5，每个时间点创建每个n = 5的队列。我们在第一和第二上臼齿上施加DMT分析。对于上层第二磨牙，大鼠在开关后的DMT中显示出随后的变化，与第2天的可见差异。在上部第一磨牙中，微米纹理是在最初的24天喂养期后直接处死的个体的可变性，从而掩盖了饮食诱导的牙科磨损的显着差异。与相反的开关相比，当从黄土的切换到标准颗粒时，我们发现更快更加明显，更加明显。在饮食开关后，参数值减少或增加参数值的趋势在许多DMT参数之间接近16到24天的平台，表明，在这些实验条件下，“最后的晚餐”效果需要至少两周才能覆盖以前的DMT模式。

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