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Cue-target contingencies modulate voluntary orienting of spatial attention: dissociable effects for speed and accuracy

机译：提示目标突发事件调制空间关注的自愿取向：可解释的速度和准确性

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摘要

Voluntary orienting of spatial attention is typically investigated by visually presented directional cues, which are called predictive when they indicate where the target is more likely to appear. In this study, we investigated the nature of the potential link between cue predictivity (the proportion of valid trials) and the strength of the resulting covert orienting of attention. Participants judged the orientation of a unilateral Gabor grating preceded by a centrally presented, non-directional, color cue, arbitrarily prompting a leftwards or rightwards shift of attention. Unknown to them, cue predictivity was manipulated across blocks, whereby the cue was only predictive for either the first or the second half of the experiment. Our results show that the cueing effects were strongly influenced by the change in predictivity. This influence differently emerged in response speed and accuracy. The speed difference between valid and invalid trials was significantly larger when cues were predictive, and the amplitude of this effect was modulated at the single trial level by the recent trial history. Complementary to these findings, accuracy revealed a robust effect of block history and also a different time-course compared with speed, as if it mainly mirrored voluntary processes. These findings, obtained with a new manipulation and using arbitrary non-directional cueing, demonstrate that cue-target contingencies strongly modulate the way attention is deployed in space.
机译：通常通过视觉上提出的定向线索调查空间注意的自愿取向，当表明目标更容易出现时，称为预测。在这项研究中，我们调查了提示预测性（有效试验比例）之间的潜在联系的性质以及所得封面的注意力的强度。与会者在集中提出，非定向，颜色提示之前判断单方面杰布尔格栅的定位，任意提示左右或向右转移注意力。未知而且，横跨块操纵提示预测性，由此提示仅针对实验的第一个或下半部分的预测性。我们的研究结果表明，提示效应受到预测性变化的强烈影响。这种影响以响应速度和准确性不同地出现。当提示预测性时，有效和无效试验之间的速度差异显着较大，并且在最近的试验历史中，在单一试验水平上调制了这种效果的幅度。与这些发现的互补，准确性揭示了块历史的强大效果以及与速度相比的不同时间课程，好像它主要反映了志愿流程。通过新的操纵和使用任意非定向提示获得的这些发现证明了提示目标突发事件强烈调制关注在空间中的关注。

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