Background: Preterm infants are at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, however studies examining preterm twins are limited. The aim of this study was to examine whether preterm monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins have similar morbidities and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Methods: From a cohort of 225 preterm neonates studied with MRI, 24 MZ and 52 DZ twins were included. Outcomes at 1.5-years, 3-years and 4.5-years were assessed with the Bayley-III, Movement Assessment Battery for Children and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Results: Twin pairs had substantial concordance for retinopathy of prematurity but only moderate-fair concordance for bronchopulmonary dysplasia, infection and brain injury. Differences in cognitive and language scores were stable over time, while motor differences increased. Discordant twins had significantly lower gestational age [Mean1(SD)=26.7(1.38); Mean2(SD)=29.1(2.1); P<0.001] and birth weight [Mean1(SD)=892.2(291.2); Mean2(SD)=1208.0(289.4); P=0.001] and a higher incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity. In discordant twins, cognitive and language score differences decreased over time while motor differences increased. Conclusions: Preterm twin pairs have similar neurodevelopmental outcomes through early childhood despite poor concordance for perinatal illness. Discordant twins were born earlier and had more morbidities. Increasing concordance in cognitive and language outcomes over time may reflect the positive impact of early intervention programs.
展开▼
机译：背景：早产儿有不良神经发育成果的风险，但研究预防果蝇的研究有限。本研究的目的是检查早产单一（MZ）和Dizygotic（DZ）双胞胎是否具有相似的病理和长期神经发育结果。方法：从使用MRI研究的225份早产新生儿的群组中，包括24Mz和52个DZ双胞胎。在1.5年来的结果，3年和4.5年的拜访，儿童运动评估电池和施施普什勒学龄前和智力初级规模评估。结果：双对对过早性的视网膜病变有很大的一致性，但仅适用于支气管扩张，感染和脑损伤的中等公平的一致性。认知和语言评分的差异随着时间的推移稳定，而电机差异增加。不成名拙的胎龄较低[均值[均值（SD）= 26.7（1.38）;平均值2（SD）= 29.1（2.1）; P <0.001]和出生体重[均值1（SD）= 892.2（291.2）;平均值2（SD）= 1208.0（289.4）; P = 0.001]和高温性发育不良的发病率和早熟的视网膜病变。在不间断的双胞胎，认知和语言分数差异随着时间的推移而降低，而电机差异增加。结论：尽管对围产期疾病的一致性差异，但早产双对通过幼儿期具有类似的神经发育成果。不和谐的双胞胎出生于早些时候，并且具有更多的病态。随着时间的推移，增加认知和语言结果的一致性可能反映早期干预计划的积极影响。
展开▼
