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首页> 外文期刊>The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences: le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques >Neuromuscular Ultrasound: Clinical Applications and Diagnostic Values
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Neuromuscular Ultrasound: Clinical Applications and Diagnostic Values

机译：神经肌肉超声：临床应用和诊断价值

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Advances in high-resolution ultrasound have provided clinicians with unique opportunities to study diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Ultrasound complements the clinical and electrophysiology exam by showing the degree of abnormalities in myopathies, as well as spontaneous muscle activities in motor neuron diseases and other disorders. In experienced hands, ultrasound is more sensitive than MRI in detecting peripheral nerve pathologies. It can also guide needle placement for electromyography exam, therapeutic injections, and muscle biopsy. Ultrasound enhances the ability to detect carpal tunnel syndrome and other focal nerve entrapment, as well as pathological nerve enlargements in genetic and acquired neuropathies. Furthermore, ultrasound can potentially be used as a biomarker for muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. The combination of electromyography and ultrasound can increase the diagnostic certainty of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aid in the localization of brachial plexus or peripheral nerve trauma and allow for surveillance of nerve tumor progression in neurofibromatosis. Potential limitations of ultrasound include an inability to image deeper structures, with lower sensitivities in detecting neuromuscular diseases in young children and those with mitochondrial myopathies, due to subtle changes or early phase of the disease. As well, its utility in detecting critical illness neuromyopathy remains unclear. This review will focus on the clinical applications of neuromuscular ultrasound. The diagnostic values of ultrasound for screening of myopathies, neuropathies, and motor neuron diseases will be presented.
机译：高分辨率超声的进展为临床医生提供了独特的机会来研究周围神经系统的疾病。超声波通过显示肌病的异常程度以及运动神经元疾病和其他疾病的自发性肌肉活动来补充临床和电生理学考试。在经验丰富的手中，超声波比检测周围神经病理学的MRI更敏感。它还可以引导针置的肌电图检查，治疗注射和肌肉活检。超声增强了检测腕管综合征和其他侧重神经血迹的能力，以及遗传和获得的神经病的病理神经扩大。此外，超声潜在地用作肌营养不良和脊髓肌萎缩的生物标志物。肌电学和超声的组合可以增加肌营养侧面硬化的诊断确定，有助于臂丛神经或周围神经创伤的定位，并允许在神经纤维瘤病中进行神经肿瘤进展。超声波的潜在限制包括无法映像更深的结构，由于疾病的细微变化或早期阶段，检测幼儿的神经肌肉疾病和线粒体肌病的患者较低的敏感性。同样，它在检测关键疾病神经病病的效用仍然不清楚。本综述将专注于神经肌肉超声的临床应用。将介绍超声波筛选肌病，神经病变和运动神经元疾病的诊断值。

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