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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of alternative and complementary medicine: research on paradigm, practice, and policy >A Review of the Therapeutic Antitumor Potential of Cannabinoids
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A Review of the Therapeutic Antitumor Potential of Cannabinoids

机译：大麻素治疗抗肿瘤潜力的综述

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Objectives: The aim of this review is to discuss cannabinoids from a preclinical and clinical oncological perspective and provide the audience with a concise, retrospective overview of the most significant findings concerning the potential use of cannabinoids in cancer treatment. Methods: A literature survey of medical and scientific databases was conducted with a focus on the biological and medical potential of cannabinoids in cancer treatment. Results:Cannabis sativa is a plant rich in more than 100 types of cannabinoids. Besides exogenous plant cannabinoids, mammalian endocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoid analogues have been identified. Cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) have been isolated and characterized from mammalian cells. Through cannabinoid receptor and non-receptor signaling pathways, cannabinoids show specific cytotoxicity against tumor cells, while protecting healthy tissue from apoptosis. The dual antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of cannabinoids and associated signaling pathways have been investigated on a large panel of cancer cell lines. Cannabinoids also display potent anticancer activity against tumor xenografts, including tumors that express high resistance to standard chemotherapeutics. Few studies have investigated the possible synergistic effects of cannabinoids with standard oncology therapies, and are based on the preclinically confirmed concept of cannabinoid sensitizers. Also, clinical trials aimed to confirm the antineoplastic activity of cannabinoids have only been evaluated on a small number of subjects, with no consensus conclusions regarding their effectiveness. Conclusions: A large number of cannabinoid compounds have been discovered, developed, and used to study the effects of cannabinoids on cancers in model systems. However, few clinical trials have been conducted on the use of cannabinoids in the treatment of cancers in humans. Further studies require extensive monitoring of the effects of cannabinoids alone or in combination with standard anticancer strategies. With such knowledge, cannabinoids could become a therapy of choice in contemporary oncology.
机译：目的：本综述的目的是从临床前和临床肿瘤的肿瘤骨科观点讨论大麻素，并以简明的回顾概述，关于潜在使用大麻素在癌症治疗中的潜在发现。方法：对医学和科学数据库的文献调查，专注于癌症治疗中大麻素的生物学和医学潜力。结果：Cannabis Sativa是一种富含100多种大麻素的植物。除了外源性植物大麻素外，已经鉴定了哺乳动物内胆碱和合成大麻素类似物。大麻素受体型1（CB1）和2型（CB2）已被分离出并用哺乳动物细胞表征。通过大麻素受体和非受体信号传导途径，大麻素显示针对肿瘤细胞的特异性细胞毒性，同时保护来自凋亡的健康组织。在大型癌细胞系上研究了大麻素和相关信号传导途径的双抗增殖和促凋亡效应。大麻素还表现出针对肿瘤异种移植物的有效的抗癌活性，包括表达高抗标准化学治疗剂的肿瘤。很少有研究已经研究了大麻素与标准肿瘤疗法的可能协同作用，并且基于大麻素敏化剂的尿鸟概念。此外，旨在确认大麻素的抗肿瘤活性的临床试验仅在少数科目上进行了评估，没有关于其有效性的共识结论。结论：已经发现了大量大麻素化合物，并用于研究大麻素对模型系统中癌症的影响。然而，已经对使用大麻素治疗人类的癌症进行了很少的临床试验。进一步的研究需要广泛监测单独或与标准抗癌策略组合的大麻素的影响。通过这种知识，大麻素可以成为当代肿瘤学中的选择的治疗。

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