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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Estimating prevalence of endometritis in smallholder zero-grazed dairy cows in Rwanda
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Estimating prevalence of endometritis in smallholder zero-grazed dairy cows in Rwanda

机译：在卢旺达估算小农零产物乳奶牛子宫内膜炎的患病率

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摘要

Endometritis is a postpartum uterine disease of cows that interrupts reproductive cycles resulting in suboptimal fertility, reduced performance and profitability of the dairy herd. The objective of the study was to estimate the perceived and observed prevalence of endometritis among zero-grazed dairy cows in smallholder farms in Rwanda. A snowball sampling method was applied in cross-sectional survey to obtain data from 370 farms on 466 cows within their 21-60 days postpartum (dpp). The survey, conducted from September 2018 to March 2019, simultaneously examined cows using the Metricheck Device (MED) to determine the presence and type of vaginal mucus (VMC) based on a score scale of 0 to 3. Cows scoring VMC >= 1 were recorded as clinical endometritis (CLE)-positive. Cytotape (CYT) was used to determine the percentages of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in endometrial cytology sample. Cows with >= 5% PMN were recorded subclinical endometritis (SCLE)-positive, whereas cows with VMC-0 and < 5% PMN were considered healthy cows. At cow-level, endometritis prevalence was 70.2% with 67.2% CLE and 31.8% SCLE while at the herd-level, prevalence was 71.1% with 68.1% CLE and 34.4% SCLE. The differences between the diagnostic performance of the MED and CYT were significant (p < 0.001). Perceived prevalence by farmers was much lower (3.2%) and without agreement with the observed prevalence (kappa = - 0.02,p > 0.05). The highly observed prevalence and farmer underestimation of endometritis prevalence indicate knowledge gaps about endometritis. The extension service therefore needs to increase awareness and education among smallholder farmers about detection and management of endometritis.
机译：子宫内膜炎是一种母线的产后子宫疾病，中断生殖循环导致次优生育，减少乳制品群的性能和盈利能力。该研究的目的是估计卢旺达小农农场中零牧场奶牛的子宫内膜炎的感知和观察到的患病率。应用雪球采样方法在横断面调查中应用，以在产后21-60天内获得466股奶牛的370个农场的数据。从2018年9月到2019年3月进行的调查，同时使用MetriCheck设备（Med）同时检查奶牛，以确定基于0到3的分数尺度的阴道粘液（VMC）的存在和类型。奶牛评分VMC> = 1是记录为临床子宫内膜炎（CLE） - 阳性。 Cytotape（Cyt）用于确定子宫内膜细胞学样品中多核细胞（PMN）的百分比。具有> = 5％PMN的奶牛被记录亚临床子宫内膜炎（SCLE） - 阳性，而具有VMC-0和<5％PMN的奶牛被认为是健康的奶牛。在牛水平上，子宫内膜炎患病率为70.2％，患有67.2％的CLE和31.8％的疱疹，患有68.1％CLE和34.4％的患病率为71.1％。 MED和CYT的诊断性能之间的差异很大（P <0.001）。农民的感知普遍性低得多（3.2％），无需观察到的患病率（Kappa = - 0.02，p> 0.05）。高度观察到的患病率和农民低估子宫内膜炎患病率表明了关于子宫内膜炎的知识间隙。因此，推广服务需要提高小农农民的认识和教育关于检测和管理子宫内膜炎。

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