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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Psychology >Ten-Year Trajectories of Stressors and Resources at Work: Cumulative and Chronic Effects on Health and Well-Being
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Ten-Year Trajectories of Stressors and Resources at Work: Cumulative and Chronic Effects on Health and Well-Being

机译：在工作中的压力源和资源十年轨迹：对健康和幸福的累积和慢性效应

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Employing 5 waves of measurement over a period of 10 years, we explored the effects of exposure to constellations of conditions at work on physical and psychological strain, estimating the history of exposure over time. Specifically, we first tested if the 4 constellations postulated by the job demand-control (JDC) model, extended to include social stressors, could be identified empirically over time through a person-centered analysis. Second, we tested 2 specific effects of the history of exposure on physical and psychological strain: cumulative effects (i.e., history of exposure predicting strain) and chronic effects (i.e., history of exposure being associated with reduced reversibility in strain). Data were collected from 483 respondents who were at the end of their vocational training. The results supported the hypotheses, in that not all JDC constellations could be empirically identified, the majority of participants was in rather favorable constellations, and the differences between constellations, in terms of levels of demands and control, were more subtle than suggested by theoretically pre-defined constellations. Because the linear and quadratic solutions were largely comparable, we decided to adopt the linear ones. The expected cumulative and chronic effects were mostly confirmed: Unfavorable JDC constellations were associated with poorer health and well-being than favorable ones, when controlling for the initial level of the respective outcome variable, demographic variables, and for cumulative private stressors (cumulative effects). These differences largely remained after further adjustments for current conditions at work (chronic effects).
机译：在10年内采用5张测量，我们探讨了暴露于身体和心理应变的工作中的条件下的效果，随着时间的推移估算暴露的历史。具体而言，我们首先测试了由作业需求控制（JDC）模型的4个星座扩展到包括社会压力源，可以通过以人为本的分析来识别。其次，我们测试了2种身体和心理菌株历史的特定效果：累积效应（即，暴露预测菌株的历史）和慢性效应（即，暴露的历史与减少菌株的可逆性相关）。从483名受访者收集数据，他们结束了职业培训。结果支持假设，因为并非所有JDC星座都可以经验上识别出来，大多数参与者都处于相当优越的星座，并且在需求和控制水平方面，星座之间的差异比理论上预先提出更微妙 - 定义的星座。因为线性和二次解决方案在很大程度上是可比的，所以我们决定采用线性的。预期的累积和慢性效应大多确认：当控制各自结果变量，人口变量和累积私人压力源的初始水平时，不利的JDC星座与良好的健康和福祉而不是有利的效应。 。这些差异在很大程度上仍然保持进一步调整工作中的当前条件（慢性效应）。

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