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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of genetics >Dobzhansky's concept of genetic coadaptation: Drosophila ananassae is an exception to this concept
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Dobzhansky's concept of genetic coadaptation: Drosophila ananassae is an exception to this concept

机译：Dobzhansky的遗传辅助概念：果蝇ananassae是这个概念的例外

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Dobzhansky was the first to show that the inversion polymorphism in Drosophila pseudoobscura is subject to natural selection and is a device to cope with the diversity of environments. His extensive work on D. pseudoobscura has revealed interesting phenomena of population genetics. In continuation of his work on this species, he constructed a number of homozygous lines for different gene arrangements in the third chromosome, and while employing these lines in intrapopulation and interpopulation crosses, he quantified the fitness of inversion homokaryotypes and heterokaryotypes. Interestingly, his results showed that heterokaryotypes formed by chromosomes originating from the same geographic area exhibited superiority over the corresponding homokaryotypes. However, superiority of heterokaryotypes was lost in the crosses when chromosomes were derived from different localities. Based on these results, Dobzhansky suggested the concept of genetic coadaptation. According to this concept, 'in each locality, the chromosomes with different gene arrangements are mutually adjusted or coadapted to yield highly fit inversion heterozygotes through long continued natural selection. However, this adaptive superiority of inversion heterozygotes breaks down in interracial hybridization experiments when two gene arrangements are derived from different localities'. This concept has received experimental evidence in its favour on the basis of work done in other species of Drosophila, such as D. willistoni, D. paulistorum, D. pavani and D. bipectinata. In all these species, interracial hybridization led to the loss of superiority of inversion heterozygotes. Further, it has been suggested that coadapted polygenic complexes contained in the chromosomes are disrupted as a result of recombination in interstrain crosses. This concept was also tested in D. ananassae, a cosmopolitan and domestic species commonly found in India, while employing three cosmopolitan inversions exhibiting heterotic
机译：Dobzhansky是第一个表明Drosophila伪佛教的反演多态性受到自然选择的影响，并且是一种应对环境的多样性的装置。他对D. D.Psudoobscura的广泛工作揭示了人口遗传学的有趣现象。在继续他对此物种的工作中，他在第三染色体中构建了许多纯合线，而在第三种染色体中的不同基因布置，同时使用这些系列在体内和口腔间隙中，他量化了反转同种型和异官型的适应性。有趣的是，他的结果表明，由源自相同地理区域形成的染色体形成的异质型型在相应的同源型上表现出优越性。然而，当染色体衍生自不同的地方时，在十字架中丢失了异官能型的优越性。基于这些结果，Dobzhansky建议遗传辅助的概念。根据该概念，'在每个局部，具有不同基因布置的染色体通过长期的自然选择相互调节或共用，以产生高度匹配的反转杂合子。然而，当两种基因布置衍生自不同的地方时，这种适应性杂杂小杂体的逆转杂交实验中断。这一概念在其他物种果蝇的工作基础上获得了实验证据，例如D. Willistoni，D.Paulistorum，D.Pauani和D. Bipectinata。在所有这些物种中，异种杂交导致反演杂合子的优越性丧失。此外，已经提出，染色体中含有的辅助多基因络合物被置于穿过的交叉中的重组被破坏。这一概念也在印度常见的D. Ananassae，一个常见的世界各种物种中进行了测试，同时雇用三个过多的反转表现出杂乱无章

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