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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of evaluation in clinical practice >The application of systems thinking concepts, methods, and tools to global health practices: An analysis of case studies
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The application of systems thinking concepts, methods, and tools to global health practices: An analysis of case studies

机译：系统思维概念，方法和工具对全球健康实践的应用：案例研究分析

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Abstract Objectives This review of systems thinking (ST) case studies seeks to compile and analyse cases from ST literature and provide practitioners with a reference for ST in health practice. Particular attention was given to (1) reviewing the frequency and use of key ST terms, methods, and tools in the context of health, and (2) extracting and analysing longitudinal themes across cases. Methods A systematic search of databases was conducted, and a total of 36 case studies were identified. A combination of integrative and inductive qualitative approaches to analysis was used. Results Most cases identified took place in high‐income countries and applied ST retrospectively. The most commonly used ST terms were agent/stakeholder/actor (n?=?29), interdependent/interconnected (n?=?28), emergence (n?=?26), and adaptability/adaptation (n?=?26). Common ST methods and tools were largely underutilized. Social network analysis was the most commonly used method (n?=?4), and innovation or change management history was the most frequently used tool (n?=?11). Four overarching themes were identified; the importance of the interdependent and interconnected nature of a health system, characteristics of leaders in a complex adaptive system, the benefits of using ST, and barriers to implementing ST. Conclusions This review revealed that while much has been written about the potential benefits of applying ST to health, it has yet to completely transition from theory to practice. There is however evidence of the practical use of an ST lens as well as specific methods and tools. With clear examples of ST applications, the global health community will be better equipped to understand and address key health challenges.
机译：摘要目标对系统思维的审查（ST）案例研究旨在编制和分析ST文献的案例，并为从业者提供卫生实践中的ST参考。特别注意（1）在健康背景下审查频率和使用关键的ST术语，方法和工具的频率和使用，以及（2）在案例中提取和分析纵向主题。方法进行系统检索数据库，并确定了36例案例研究。使用了综合性和归纳定性方法的分析方法。结果大多数案件在高收入国家进行，并回顾性地应用。最常用的st术语是代理/利益相关者/演员（n？=？29），相互依存/互连（n？=Δ28），出现（n？=？26），适应性/适应（n？=？26 ）。常见的ST方法和工具在很大程度上未充分利用。社交网络分析是最常用的方法（n？=？4），创新或变更管理历史是最常用的工具（n？=？11）。确定了四个总体主题;卫生系统相互依存和相互关联性质的重要性，复杂的自适应系统中的领导者的特点，使用ST的益处以及实现ST的障碍。结论这一审查显示，虽然已经写了许多关于应用St对健康的潜在利益，但它尚未完全从理论过渡到实践。然而，证据证明了ST镜头的实际用途以及具体方法和工具。通过明确的ST应用的例子，全球卫生界将更好地提供理解和解决重点健康挑战。

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