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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics >Change in an Urban Food Environment: Storefront Sources of Food/Drink Increasing Over Time and Not Limited to Food Stores and Restaurants
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Change in an Urban Food Environment: Storefront Sources of Food/Drink Increasing Over Time and Not Limited to Food Stores and Restaurants

机译：城市食物环境的变化：店面的食物/饮料来源随着时间的推移而增加，而且不限于食品商店和餐馆

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BackgroundLocal food environments includefood stores(eg, supermarkets, grocery stores, bakeries) and restaurants. However, the extent to which other storefront businesses offer food/drink is not well described, nor is the extent to which food/drink availability through a full range of storefront businesses might change over time.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess food/drink availability from a full range of storefront businesses and the change over time and to consider implications for food-environment research.DesignInvestigators compared direct observations from 2010 and?2015.Participants/settingIncluded were all storefront businesses offering foods/drinks on 153 street segments in the Bronx, NY.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome was change between 2010 and 2015 as determined by matches between businesses. Matches could bestrict(businesses with the same name on the same street segment in both years) orlenient(similar businesses on the same street segment in both years). Investigators categorized businesses as general grocers, specialty food stores, restaurants, orother storefront businesses(eg, barber shops/beauty salons, clothing outlets, hardware stores, laundromats, and newsstands).Statistical analyses performedInvestigators quantified change, specifically calculating how often businesses in 2015 were present in 2010 and vice versa.ResultsStrict matches for businesses in 2015 present in 2010 ranged from 29% to 52%, depending on business category; lenient matches ranged from 43% to 72%. Strict matches for businesses in 2010 present in 2015 ranged from 34% to 63%; lenient matches ranged from 72% to 83%. In 2015 compared with 2010, on 22% more of the sampled street segments, 30% more businesses were offering food/drink: 66 vs 46 general grocers, 22 vs 19 specialty food stores, 99 vs 99 restaurants, 98 vs 56 other storefront businesses.ConclusionsOver 5 years, an urban food environment changed substantially, even by lenient standards, particularly among “other storefront businesses” and in the direction of markedly greater food availability (more businesses offering food on more streets). Failure to consider a full range of food/drink sources and change in food/drink sources could result in erroneous food-environment conclusions.
机译：Background本地食品环境包括福克斯（例如，超市，杂货店，面包店）和餐馆。但是，其他店面业务提供食物/饮料的程度都没有很好地描述，通过全方位的店面业务的食物/饮品可用性也可能随着时间的推移而变化。目前的研究旨在评估食物/饮品可用性全方位的店面业务以及随着时间的推移改变，并考虑对食物环境研究的影响.DesignInceigerators从2010年和2015年开始了直接观察和2015.Participants / Settingincluded是所有店面的企业在布朗克斯的153个街头段提供食物/饮料。 NY.Main结果是2010年至2015年主要结果发生在2010年至2015之间，由企业之间的比例确定。匹配可以最佳（两年内相同街道段的业务）Orlenient（两年内同一街段的类似企业）。调查人员将业务分类为一般杂货店，专业食品店，餐馆，餐馆，室内店面（例如，理发店/美容院，服装店，五金店，洗衣店，洗衣店和报摊）。统计分析表现出来的人量化变化，专门计算2015年企业的经常业务2010年出席，反之亦然2015年企业的匹配，2010年的业务比赛范围从29％到52％，具体取决于商业类别;宽松匹配范围从43％到72％。 2011年2010年企业的严格比赛范围从34％到63％; Lenient Matches的范围从72％到83％。 2015年与2010年相比，在22％的采样街段，30％更多的企业提供食物/饮料：66 VS 46 General Grocers，22 VS 19特色食品店，99 VS 99餐厅，98 VS 56其他店面的商务.Conclusionsover 5年，城市食物环境大幅改变，即使是宽松的标准，尤其是“其他店面业务”，朝着更大的食物供应方向（更多的企业在更多街道上提供食物）。未能考虑全方位的食物/饮料来源和食物/饮料来源的变化可能导致错误的食物环境结论。

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