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Mechanism for acute oral desensitization to antibiotics.

机译：急性口服抗生素脱敏的机制。

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BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread use of an acute oral desensitization procedure in patients with allergic reactions to a variety of antibiotics, the precise mechanism of this procedure is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms underlying acute oral desensitization to antibiotics. METHODS: Using a murine model of active systemic anaphylaxis to penicillin V (Pen V), mice previously sensitized to Pen V were desensitized by oral feeding of Pen V. The dose was doubled every 15 min and five feedings were given. The achievement of acute oral desensitization was evaluated by induction of active systemic and active cutaneous anaphylaxis, and by measuring the plasma levels of platelet-activating factor and histamine. Antigen-specific serum IgE antibody (Ab) levels were determined by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. RESULTS: Mice fed more than 3 mg of cumulative dose of Pen V were completely protected from fatal systemic anaphylactic reaction and the desensitized state lasted approximately 1 h. Antigen-specific mast cell desensitization, but not hapten inhibition, consumption of IgE Abs, or depletion of mast cell mediators, occurred during acute oral desensitization. CONCLUSIONS: Acute oral desensitization to Pen V occurred in the mice, and antigen-specific mast cell desensitization was associated with the underlying mechanism for oral desensitization.
机译：背景：尽管在对多种抗生素有过敏反应的患者中广泛使用了急性口服脱敏程序，但对该程序的确切机制尚不清楚。目的：探讨急性口服抗生素脱敏的潜在机制。方法：使用对青霉素V（Pen V）进行系统性主动过敏反应的小鼠模型，对先前对Pen V致敏的小鼠通过口服Pen V脱敏。剂量每15分钟增加一倍，并进行五次喂养。通过诱导全身性和皮肤主动过敏反应，以及通过测量血小板活化因子和组胺的血浆水平来评估急性口腔脱敏的效果。通过被动皮肤过敏反应确定抗原特异性血清IgE抗体（Ab）的水平。结果：饲喂累积剂量超过3 mg Pen V的小鼠受到完全保护，免受致命的全身过敏性反应，脱敏状态持续约1 h。在急性口服脱敏过程中发生抗原特异性肥大细胞脱敏，但未发生半抗原抑制，IgE Abs消耗或肥大细胞介体耗竭。结论：小鼠发生了对Pen V的急性口服脱敏，并且抗原特异性肥大细胞脱敏与口服脱敏的潜在机制有关。

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