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首页> 外文期刊>Aging clinical and experimental research >Nutritional assessment of demented patients: a descriptive study.
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Nutritional assessment of demented patients: a descriptive study.

机译：痴呆症患者的营养评估：一项描述性研究。

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It is well-known that subclinical and overt malnutrition are strong predictive indices of morbidity and mortality in old subjects, particularly in demented ones, and may deeply affect the quality of life. The aim of this study was evaluation of nutritional status in demented patients, as a whole and according to type of dementia, at the moment of hospital admission and before discharge. METHODS: The study concerns 174 old demented patients, aged 80.2 +/- 8 SD, diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, degenerative and vascular dementia, reversible dementia, and other types of dementia. In each subject, anthropometric measures, body composition analysis by the bioelectric impedance technique, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and cognitive, functional and affective assessment by conventional geriatric instruments were performed. A blood sample allowed assay of the main biochemical nutritional markers. At the end of the hospitalization period, the same cognitive, functional and nutritional assessment was repeated, in order to evaluate the effects of vitamin and protein supplements and of care during meals. RESULTS: In all subgroups of demented patients, obtained according to type of dementia, the mean MNA score was indicative of risk for malnutrition. Furthermore, the MNA score was significantly related to severe cognitive impairment, functional status, comorbidity, BMI values, and transferrin and total protein serum levels. Malnourished patients and demented elderly at risk for malnutrition (according to the MNA score) were given oral nutritional supplements during hospitalization, lasting a mean of 45 days. Before discharge, these two subtypes of demented patients showed substantial maintenance of their cognitive, functional and nutritional status, whereas the subgroup of well-nourished demented patients exhibited significant worsening of the nutritional pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Demented patients show a high percentage of malnutrition, particularly evident in subjects with deeper cognitive impairment. Nutritional status seems to be linked more to functional abilities than to duration of disease. However, nutritional intervention or special care during meals may act in synergy with specific pharmacologic therapy of dementia.
机译：背景和目的：众所周知，亚临床和明显的营养不良是老年受试者，尤其是老年痴呆症患者发病率和死亡率的有力预测指标，并且可能会严重影响生活质量。这项研究的目的是整体评估痴呆患者的营养状况，并根据痴呆的类型，在入院时和出院前进行评估。方法：该研究涉及174名老年痴呆症患者，年龄为80.2 +/- 8 SD，被诊断患有阿尔茨海默氏病，血管性痴呆，变性和血管性痴呆，可逆性痴呆和其他类型的痴呆。在每个受试者中，进行人体测量，通过生物电阻抗技术进行的身体成分分析，迷你营养评估（MNA）以及通过常规老年医学仪器进行的认知，功能和情感评估。血液样本可以分析主要的生化营养标志物。在住院期结束时，重复相同的认知，功能和营养评估，以评估维生素和蛋白质补充剂的效果以及进餐时的护理。结果：根据痴呆类型获得的所有痴呆患者亚组中，平均MNA得分均表明存在营养不良的风险。此外，MNA评分与严重的认知障碍，功能状态，合并症，BMI值以及转铁蛋白和总蛋白血清水平显着相关。营养不良的患者和有营养不良风险的老年痴呆症患者（根据MNA评分）在住院期间接受口服营养补充剂，平均持续45天。在出院前，这两种亚型的痴呆患者表现出其认知，功能和营养状况的实质性维持，而营养丰富的痴呆患者的亚组表现出营养模式的显着恶化。结论：痴呆症患者营养不良率很高，尤其是在认知障碍较深的患者中。营养状况似乎更多地与功能能力有关，而不是与疾病持续时间有关。但是，进餐期间的营养干预或特殊护理可能与痴呆症的特定药物治疗协同作用。

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