Frequency and patterning of bone trauma in the late medieval population (13th-16th century) from Dugopolje, southern Croatia.

Novak M.; Slaus M.

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Frequency and patterning of bone trauma in the late medieval population (13th-16th century) from Dugopolje, southern Croatia.

机译：中世纪晚期（13至16世纪）来自克罗地亚南部Dugopolje的骨创伤发生频率和模式。

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The aim of this paper is to test the hypothesis of an increased level of interpersonal violence in Dugopolje during the late medieval period as testified by written sources. In order to accomplish this, an analysis and comparison of frequencies and patterning of long bone and craniofacial fractures between sex and age categories in the Dugopolje skeletal sample was performed. In total 209 excellently preserved adult skeletons were analysed: 111 males and 98 females. The total long bone fracture frequency is 1.5% (29/1910) with a significantly higher frequency in males compared to females. Most of the long bone injuries occurred as a result of accidents, probably due to rugged mountainous terrain, while a certain portion of trauma resulted from deliberate violence. Significantly higher fracture frequencies in males could be a result of a strict sexual division of labour where males performed more physically demanding and risky tasks, as witnessed by historical sources. 26 out of 119 complete adult crania (21.8%) exhibit skeletal trauma with significantly higher frequencies in males. Perimortem trauma was observed in one individual while antemortem healed sharp force lesions were registered in five individuals (all males). The predominance of frontal craniofacial injuries, as well as the presence ofperimortem trauma and sharp force lesions, suggests the presence of deliberate violence in this community. Although the indicators of deliberate violence were recorded predominantly in males, suggesting that intentional violence in Dugopolje was exclusively males' prerogative, the presence of nasal fracture in a female skeleton might point to a male towards female violence. Presented bioarchaeological data are in accordance with the written documents thus corroborating the claims of an increased level of deliberate interpersonal violence in the late medieval population from Dugopolje.

机译：本文的目的是检验书面晚期文献证实的中世纪晚期Dugopolje人际暴力水平上升的假说。为此，对Dugopolje骨骼样本中性别和年龄类别之间的长骨和颅面骨折的频率和样式进行了分析和比较。总共分析了209具保存完好的成年骨骼：男性111例，女性98例。男性长骨骨折的总频率为1.5％（29/1910），男性明显高于女性。大多数长骨受伤是由于事故造成的，这可能是由于崎mountain的山区地形造成的，而某些伤害是由于故意的暴力造成的。男性的骨折频率明显更高可能是由于严格的性别分工造成的，如历史资料所示，男性从事的体力劳动和危险性更高。在119个完全成年的cr骨中，有26个（21.8％）表现出骨骼创伤，男性的频率明显更高。在一名个体中观察到了perimortem的创伤，而在五名个体中（所有男性）记录了死前治愈的锐力损伤。额头颅面部受伤占主导地位，以及股骨前部外伤和尖锐力损伤的存在表明该社区存在蓄意的暴力行为。尽管故意暴力的指标主要记录在男性中，这表明在Dugopolje的蓄意暴力行为完全是男性的特权，但女性骨骼中存在的鼻骨折可能表明男性倾向于女性暴力。所提供的生物考古数据与书面文件一致，因此证实了杜古波尔耶中世纪晚期人口中故意进行人际暴力的水平有所提高。

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《Anthropologischer Anzeiger》 |2012年第3期|共16页
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Novak M.; Slaus M.;
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Frequency and patterning of bone trauma in the late medieval population (13th-16th century) from Dugopolje, southern Croatia.

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