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A comparison of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and caffeine on vigilance and cognitive performance during extended wakefulness

机译：经颅直流电刺激和咖啡因对长时间清醒期间警惕性和认知能力的影响比较

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Background Sleep deprivation from extended duty hours is a common complaint for many occupations. Caffeine is one of the most common countermeasures used to combat fatigue. However, the benefits of caffeine decline over time and with chronic use. Objective Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the pre-frontal cortex at 2 mA for 30 min to remediate the effects of sleep deprivation and to compare the behavioral effects of tDCS with those of caffeine. Methods Three groups of 10 participants each received either active tDCS with placebo gum, caffeine gum with sham tDCS, or sham tDCS with placebo gum during 30 h of extended wakefulness. Results Our results show that tDCS prevented a decrement in vigilance and led to better subjective ratings for fatigue, drowsiness, energy, and composite mood compared to caffeine and control in sleep-deprived individuals. Both the tDCS and caffeine produced similar improvements in latencies on a short-term memory task and faster reaction times in a psychomotor task when compared to the placebo group. Interestingly, changes in accuracy for the tDCS group were not correlated to changes in mood; whereas, there was a relationship for the caffeine and sham groups. Conclusion Our data suggest that tDCS could be a useful fatigue countermeasure and may be more beneficial than caffeine since boosts in performance and mood last several hours.
机译：背景技术延长睡眠时间导致的睡眠剥夺是许多职业的普遍抱怨。咖啡因是用来对抗疲劳的最常见对策之一。然而，咖啡因的益处随着时间的流逝和长期使用而下降。目的我们的目的是评估在2 mA的条件下对前额叶皮层施加30分钟的阳极经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）的功效，以补救睡眠剥夺的影响，并比较tDCS和咖啡因的行为影响。方法三组，每组10名参与者，在延长的清醒30小时内，分别接受了活性tDCS和安慰剂胶，咖啡因胶和假tDCS或假tDCS和安慰剂胶。结果我们的结果表明，与咖啡因和睡眠剥夺者相比，tDCS可以防止警觉性下降，并导致疲劳，睡意，精力和复合情绪的主观评分更高。与安慰剂组相比，tDCS和咖啡因对短期记忆任务的潜伏期都有改善，在精神运动任务中的反应时间也更快。有趣的是，tDCS组的准确度变化与情绪变化无关。然而，咖啡因和假人之间存在某种关系。结论我们的数据表明tDCS可能是一种有用的疲劳对策，并且比咖啡因更有益，因为性能和情绪的改善持续了几个小时。

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