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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Dairy Technology >Prevention of genome damage by dairy foods - preliminary evidence, knowledge gaps and opportunities
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Prevention of genome damage by dairy foods - preliminary evidence, knowledge gaps and opportunities

机译：预防乳制品对基因组的损害-初步证据，知识差距和机会

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The evidence that genome damage is increased with dietary excess or deficiency is compelling. Furthermore the results of numerous well-designed animal model and human epidemiological studies indicate that genome and epigenome damage is a fundamental cause of developmental and degenerative diseases. Conversely, genome instability, in the absence of overt exposure of genotoxins, is itself a sensitive marker of nutritional deficiency or excess. We have shown in a cross-sectional study that above average intake of micronutrients that are found in dairy foods (i.e. calcium, vitamin E, retinol, folate and nicotinic acid) is associated with reduced genome damage rate in lymphocytes measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. This data also suggests that increased intake of cheese and cream contributes significantly to lower DNA damage in lymphocytes however this statistical association does not prove causality. Intervention trials in animal models and humans are needed to identify the type of dairy foods and fractions that are best suited for DNA damage prevention at the various stages of life. Development of functional and/or fortified dairy foods that are specifically designed to improve genome health maintenance in humans with specific genetic backgrounds may provide an important contribution to a new optimum health strategy based on the diagnosis and individualised nutritional prevention of genome damage and open new markets for the dairy industry.
机译：有证据表明，饮食过量或缺乏会增加基因组损伤。此外，许多精心设计的动物模型和人类流行病学研究的结果表明，基因组和表观基因组损伤是发育和退化性疾病的根本原因。相反，在没有明显暴露基因毒素的情况下，基因组不稳定本身是营养缺乏或营养过剩的敏感标志。我们在一项横断面研究中表明，乳制品中微量营养素（例如钙，维生素E，视黄醇，叶酸和烟酸）的平均摄入量高于平均水平，这与使用胞质分裂阻滞剂检测到的淋巴细胞基因组损伤率降低有关微核分析。该数据还表明，奶酪和奶油的摄入量增加显着有助于降低淋巴细胞中的DNA损伤，但是这种统计关联并不能证明是因果关系。需要在动物模型和人类中进行干预试验，以鉴定最适合在生命的各个阶段预防DNA损伤的乳制品和级分的类型。专为改善具有特定遗传背景的人的基因组健康维持而设计的功能性和/或强化乳制品的开发，可能会为基于基因组损伤的诊断和个性化营养预防的新的最佳健康策略做出重要贡献，并开拓新市场用于乳制品行业。

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