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Do patients with young onset Alzheimer's disease deteriorate faster than those with late onset Alzheimer's disease? A review of the literature

机译:年轻的阿尔茨海默氏病患者的病情恶化是否比晚期阿尔茨海默氏病患者的病情恶化更快?文献综述

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Background: Young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD; onset before 65 years of age) is thought to have a more rapid course and increased rate of progression compared to late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). This assumption appears partly due to important clinical, structural, neuropathological, and neurochemical differences suggesting YOAD is a separate entity to LOAD. The aim in this review was to systematically identify and examine appropriate studies comparing rate of cognitive decline between patients with YOAD and patients with LOAD. Methods: A computer-based literature search was initially undertaken, followed by citation tracking and search of related papers. Primary research studies specifically focused on the rate of cognitive decline between people with YOAD and LOAD were included. Studies were described, critically analyzed, presented, and discussed in the review. Results: Four studies were included, of which three were longitudinal and one was a case-control study. Three of the included studies found a faster rate of decline in patients with YOAD, and one found no difference in rate of decline between the two groups. Conclusions: The findings of the review are mixed and conflicting, and limited by the heterogeneity of the included studies. There is a need for future research to design systematic studies that include sufficient sample sizes and follow-up periods, and control for possible confounding factors such as education level, baseline cognitive impairment, and vascular risk factors. This will help to validate the findings so far and improve our understanding of the rate of cognitive decline in people with YOAD and LOAD.
机译:背景:与晚发型阿尔茨海默氏病(LOAD)相比,年轻的阿尔茨海默氏病(YOAD; 65岁之前发病)被认为具有更快的病程和更高的进展速度。该假设的出现部分是由于重要的临床,结构,神经病理学和神经化学差异,这表明YOAD是LOAD的独立实体。这篇综述的目的是系统地识别和检查适当的研究,以比较YOAD患者和LOAD患者之间的认知下降率。方法:首先进行基于计算机的文献检索,然后进行引文跟踪和相关论文的检索。包括专门针对YOAD和LOAD人之间的认知衰退率的主要研究。评论中对研究进行了描述,批判性分析,介绍和讨论。结果:包括四项研究,其中三项是纵向研究,一项是病例对照研究。其中三项研究发现YOAD患者的下降速度更快,而一项研究发现两组之间的下降速度没有差异。结论:审查的结果是混杂和矛盾的,并受所纳入研究异质性的限制。未来的研究需要设计系统的研究,包括足够的样本量和随访时间,并控制可能的混杂因素,例如教育水平,基线认知障碍和血管危险因素。这将有助于验证迄今为止的发现,并增进我们对YOAD和LOAD患者认知能力下降率的理解。

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