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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms >Morphological and Molecular Analysis Identifies the Associated Fungus ('Xianghui') of the Medicinal White Jelly Mushroom, Tremella fuciformis, as Annulohypoxylon stygium
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Morphological and Molecular Analysis Identifies the Associated Fungus ('Xianghui') of the Medicinal White Jelly Mushroom, Tremella fuciformis, as Annulohypoxylon stygium

机译：形态和分子分析鉴定药用白胶蘑菇，银耳的伴生真菌（“香气”）为秋兰香。

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摘要

White jelly mushroom, Tremella fuciformis, is a popular edible mushroom with interesting medicinal properties (e.g., immunostimulating, antidiabetic). The formation of T. fuciformis basidiomes is highly dependent on the presence of a specific host fungus, both in nature and for industrial production. This host has traditionally been indicated as "Xianghui" in China, yet which or how many fungal species Xianghui comprises is unclear, with various authorities claiming different species. At present, Annulohypoxilon archeri is generally assumed to be the main Xianghui species, but this has not yet been confirmed experimentally. The implementation of older, premolecular-based research data (i.e., morphological) with present, sequence-based data to solve the identity remains confusing and studies addressing both identification methods in combination are lacking. The unclear identity of Xianghui is a major obstacle for further understanding of the important relationship between the host(s) and T. fuciformis. In this study, we collected a wild specimen of T. fuciformis together with several nearby stroma of Xianghui, cocultivated T. fuciformis with the Xianghui isolates, and observed basidiome formation. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis showed that all Xianghui spore isolates belonged to the same species and both morphological analysis of sexual stages and ITS beta-tubulin and actin gene sequences of the Xianghui specified it as Annulohypoxylon stygium. The ITS sequences of the newly identified Xianghui further closely matched those of the Xianghui strains used in the mushroom industry, showing that wild and culture spawn Xianghui in China consist of A. stygium. In contrast with previous conclusions, A. stygium, and not A. archeris, seems to be the preferred host of T. fuciformis.
机译：白果冻蘑菇，银耳，是一种受欢迎的食用蘑菇，具有有趣的药用特性（例如，免疫刺激性，抗糖尿病性）。在自然界和工业生产中，烟曲霉basidiomes的形成高度依赖于特定宿主真菌的存在。在中国，该寄主传统上被称为“响辉”，但尚不清楚响辉包含哪些真菌种或多少真菌种，有关部门声称该物种不同。目前，一般认为响尾蛇主要是响辉物种，但尚未通过实验证实。使用现有的，基于序列的数据来解决身份的较旧的，基于前分子的研究数据（即形态学）的实施仍然令人困惑，并且缺乏针对两种鉴定方法的综合研究。向辉身份的不清楚是进一步了解寄主和烟曲霉之间重要关系的主要障碍。在这项研究中，我们收集了一个野生的梭状芽胞杆菌标本以及附近的几个响辉岛基质，并将其与响辉菌分离株共培养，并观察了basidiome的形成。内部转录间隔区（ITS）序列分析表明，所有向晖孢子分离物均属于同一物种，并且向性阶段的形态学分析以及向晖的ITSβ-微管蛋白和肌动蛋白基因序列均将其指定为香hy。新近鉴定出的向晖的ITS序列与蘑菇业所使用的向晖菌株的ITS序列进一步接近，表明中国的向晖野生和养殖产地均由香菇组成。与以前的结论相反，触角拟南芥而不是弓形拟南芥似乎是T. fuciformis的首选寄主。

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