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Differences in Diet Between Six Neighbouring Groups of Vervet Monkeys

机译：六只黑长尾猴之间在饮食上的差异

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摘要

The comparative approach provides a powerful tool to study evolutionary questions on both intra- and interspecific variation. It has been applied to a great variety of taxa, including primates. Primate studies differ from those on most other taxa in two ways: first, data from most study sites contain information about only one group. Second, primatologists have used the comparative approach also to identify local traditions, that is, behaviours that spread through social learning. Here, we evaluate the appropriateness of such data by comparing the diet composition of six neighbouring groups of vervet monkeys, Cercopithecus aethiops. We used scan samples to collect diet data, and abundance measures and phenology to assess the availability of the 14 most important tree species utilised during the study. We calculated indices of diet overlap, which were highly variable and could be remarkably low. Furthermore, we found significant differences between group diets with respect to the relative utilisation of 13 of the 14 tree species. For all 13 species, we found positive correlations between local abundance and appearance in the diet, consistent with the importance of local ecology for diet composition. Nevertheless, more detailed comparisons of pairs of groups often revealed significant mismatches between the relative importance of a tree species and its local abundance. In conclusion, local variation merits increased attention by primatologists. While our results are compatible with the possibility that traditions exist on a local (group) rather than population scale, alternative explanations have to be considered.
机译：比较方法为研究种内和种间变异的进化问题提供了强大的工具。它已应用于包括灵长类在内的各种各样的分类单元。灵长类动物研究与大多数其他类群的研究有两个方面的不同：首先，大多数研究场所的数据仅包含有关一组的信息。其次，灵长类动物学家也使用比较方法来识别当地传统，即通过社会学习传播的行为。在这里，我们通过比较六个相邻组的黑长尾猴（Cercopithecus aethiops）的饮食组成来评估此类数据的适当性。我们使用扫描样本收集饮食数据，并使用丰度测量和物候学评估研究中使用的14种最重要树种的可用性。我们计算了饮食重叠的指数，该指数变化很大并且可能非常低。此外，我们发现团体饮食之间在14种树种中13种的相对利用方面存在显着差异。对于所有13个物种，我们发现饮食中的局部丰度与外观之间存在正相关，这与局部生态学对饮食组成的重要性相符。然而，成对的组之间的更详细的比较通常显示出树木种类的相对重要性与其本地丰度之间存在明显的不匹配。总之，灵长类动物对局部变异的关注日益增加。虽然我们的结果与当地（群体）而不是人口规模上存在传统的可能性相符，但必须考虑其他解释。

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