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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Plant Pathology >Integration of breeding and technology into diversification strategies for disease control in modern agriculture
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Integration of breeding and technology into diversification strategies for disease control in modern agriculture

机译：将育种和技术纳入现代农业疾病控制的多样化战略

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摘要

While diversity for resistance has been recognised for more than 60 years as a key factor in disease management, and diversification strategies such as cultivar mixtures and multilines are described and advocated in almost every plant pathology textbook, the general view in modern agriculture is that diversity would be too difficult and expensive to implement. In addition, difficulties in marketing the produce are emphasised. The question thus arises if and how such strategies can be designed to find a place in modern agriculture. Considering the general ecological benefits of diversification and the possible economical benefits for growers and society, several possible approaches to the solution of actual and perceived problems in modern agriculture are discussed. An important route towards achieving diversity would be to integrate it into the breeding process. Selection criteria would include inducibility of resistance and competitive ability, in order to produce diversified varieties able to adapt both to unpredictable environmental conditions (especially climatic) and to changing pest and pathogen populations through co-evolution. Evolutionary breeding methods such as composite crosses and modern landraces and some of the legal problems associated with these approaches are discussed. Technical solutions are integral to the future use of diversification strategies and range from more or less simple adjustments to machinery for planting and harvesting to devices designed for separation of the harvested products.
机译：尽管抗病多样性已被视为疾病管理的关键因素已有60多年的历史，并且几乎每本植物病理学教科书中都描述和倡导了多样化策略（例如品种混合物和多系），但现代农业的普遍观点是多样性会实施起来过于困难和昂贵。另外，强调了产品销售方面的困难。因此产生了一个问题，即是否以及如何设计这样的策略来在现代农业中找到一席之地。考虑到多样化的总体生态效益以及对种植者和社会的潜在经济利益，讨论了解决现代农业中实际问题和感知问题的几种可能方法。实现多样性的一条重要途径是将其纳入育种过程。选择标准将包括抗性的诱导能力和竞争能力，以便产生能够适应不可预测的环境条件（特别是气候条件）以及通过共同进化改变病虫害和病原体种群的多样化品种。讨论了进化育种方法，例如复合杂交和现代地方品种，以及与这些方法相关的一些法律问题。技术解决方案是未来使用多元化策略不可或缺的一部分，从或多或少的简单调整到种植和收割机械，再到为分离收割产品而设计的设备。

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