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首页> 外文期刊>Experimental Brain Research >Reaching movements in children: accuracy and reaction time development.
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Reaching movements in children: accuracy and reaction time development.

机译：儿童伸手动作：准确性和反应时间的发展。

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The present study was undertaken to follow the development of the capability to produce adult-like fast and precise movements reaching visual targets, during childhood. A two-dimensional reaching task was used. We focussed on pre-planning capabilities, by instructing subjects to produce movements as fast as possible, preventing corrections after initiation of movement. The capability of information processing and accurate motor response production were assessed by measuring reaction time (RT, the time elapsed between target presentation and movement onset), movement time (MT, the time elapsed between movement onset and movement end) and precision of response (correlation of response extent and direction with target distance and direction). One child (male) was tested repeatedly since age 6 until age 9. At age 7, RTs decreased. At age 8, accuracy increased, after a temporary decrease at 7. Both accuracy and RT eventually reached the adult level. MTs were similar to the adult ones right from the beginning and they never changed significantly. The results were confirmed in four groups of five children each, aged 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively. A control group of five adults was also tested. It is concluded that, between age 6 and 9, children become capable of quickly processing visual target information and producing accurate fast and uncorrected reaching trajectories based upon proprioceptive information only, like those typical of adults, by shortening RTs and improving precision, while maintaining adult-like MTs throughout. The capability of quickly reacting to a target acting as a ;Go' signal (measured by RT) and that of information processing to program an accurate motor trajectory (measured by the precision achieved) appear not to be developmentally linked, the former improving earlier, the latter later.
机译：进行本研究是为了跟踪儿童时期产生像成人一样的快速精确动作达到视觉目标的能力的发展。使用了二维到达任务。我们通过指示受试者尽可能快地运动，从而防止运动开始后的矫正，从而专注于预先计划能力。通过测量反应时间（RT，目标呈现和运动开始之间的时间），运动时间（MT，运动开始和运动结束之间的时间）和响应精度（响应程度和方向与目标距离和方向的相关性）。自6岁至9岁，反复对一名儿童（男性）进行了测试。在7岁时，RT下降。到了8岁时，在7岁时暂时下降之后，准确性提高了。准确性和RT最终达到了成人水平。 MT从一开始就与成人相似，并且从未发生过明显变化。在四组中各有五个孩子，分别为6、7、8和9岁，证实了这一结果。还对五个成年人的对照组进行了测试。结论是，在6岁至9岁之间，儿童能够像成年人一样，仅根据本体感受信息，通过缩短RT并提高精确度，同时保持成年人，从而能够快速处理视觉目标信息并产生准确的快速且未校正的到达轨迹一样的MT。对作为“ Go”信号的目标快速反应的能力（通过RT测量）和编程准确的电机轨迹（通过所达到的精度测量）的信息处理能力似乎没有发展联系，前者在早期得到了改进，后者稍后。

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