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Towards an improved serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis vaccine.

机译：迈向改进的B群脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌疫苗。

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Meningococcal disease, presenting primarily as septicaemia and meningitis, continues to be a devastating problem around the world. Over the last century, vaccine development has been undertaken in earnest for the prevention of this disease. Polysaccharide vaccines have been available for almost 40 years, yet they are poorly immunogenic in young children who are at the highest risk. Since their introduction into some routine immunisation schedules in 1999, polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines for the prevention of serogroup C meningococcal infection have proven efficacious. A quadrivalent polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine against serogroups A, C, W135 and Y, which is being introduced in the US this year, is hoped to control disease caused by these serogroups. To date, however, the development of a universally safe, immunogenic and effective serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis vaccine has remained a challenge. This review details the many conventional vaccine strategies and the more recent genome-derived technological approaches being used in serogroup B vaccine development. The future prevention of serogroup B disease will rely on both outer membrane vesicle vaccines being used for serosubtype-specific outbreaks and new vaccines containing multiple other antigens. Investment by the pharmaceutical industry in preclinical research and development provides hope that an efficacious serogroup B meningococcal vaccine can be developed.
机译：脑膜炎球菌疾病主要表现为败血病和脑膜炎，仍然是世界范围内的灾难性问题。在上个世纪，为了预防这种疾病，认真进行了疫苗开发。多糖疫苗已有近40年的历史了，但在高风险的幼儿中免疫原性很差。自从1999年将它们引入常规免疫计划以来，已证明用于预防C群血清脑膜炎球菌感染的多糖-蛋白质结合疫苗是有效的。有望在今年在美国推出的针对血清群A，C，W135和Y的四价多糖-蛋白质结合疫苗可以控制由这些血清群引起的疾病。然而，迄今为止，开发一种普遍安全，免疫原性和有效的血清型B脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌疫苗仍然是一个挑战。这篇综述详细介绍了B血清群疫苗开发中使用的许多常规疫苗策略和最新的基因组衍生技术方法。未来B血清群疾病的预防将既依赖于用于血清亚型特异性暴发的外膜囊泡疫苗，也需要包含多种其他抗原的新疫苗。制药业对临床前研究和开发的投资为开发有效的B血清群脑膜炎球菌疫苗提供了希望。

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