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首页> 外文期刊>Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science >A dynamic model assisted evaluation on the effects of organic matter application after changing land use to paddy-upland rotation
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A dynamic model assisted evaluation on the effects of organic matter application after changing land use to paddy-upland rotation

机译：动态模型辅助评价土地利用方式向水旱轮作后有机质施用的影响

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摘要

Agriculture in Taiwan is input-intensive. Chemical fertilizers are heavily used, and most arable land contains less than 2% of soil organic matter (SOM). To improve soil quality, to make agriculture sustainable, and to avoid over-production of rice, paddy rice-upland rotation and application of organic substances have been widely promoted. A change in the system often begins to alter the SOM content which takes from several up to even a hundred years to stabilize into a new SOM level. The purpose of this study was to find methods of determining long-term changes in SOM based on short-term data and to evaluate the effects of different kinds of organic materials in paddy-upland rotation. Organic matter was supplied as green manure, compost, and peat at similar intensity. SOM data were collected from the 1st to the 13th year for the calibration and validation of the model that was intentionally assembled for less mechanisms yet research purpose achievable. The ratio of the quantity of organic matter applied to that retained in soil was the lowest when organic C was supplied by growing green manure and the highest, or 3.7 times the control plot, when it was supplied in the form of compost. The minimum period for which data of SOM was required to calibrate the model varied with the form of organic matter: 5 years for green manure, 6 years for compost or peat, and 7 years for the control. The minimum years of data required for reliable calibration were significantly related to the return amounts of crop residues (R-2 = 0.807). In each application strategy, SOM contents in the 12th and 13th years were validated well with those predicted by the calibrated model. Relative sensitivity analysis showed that soil temperature and water are the two major factors that affected SOM content; while the humus-like portion of organic matter determined the potential to accumulate SOM. Long-term simulations suggested that it might take at least 20 years for SOM in these fields to be stabilized.
机译：台湾的农业是投入密集型的。化肥使用量很大，大多数耕地的土壤有机质（SOM）含量不到2％。为了改善土壤质量，使农业可持续发展并避免稻米生产过剩，已广泛推广了水稻旱稻轮作和有机物的应用。系统的变化通常会开始改变SOM的内容，从几年到一百年的时间才能稳定到新的SOM级别。这项研究的目的是找到基于短期数据确定SOM长期变化的方法，并评估不同种类有机材料对稻田轮作的影响。有机物以类似的强度提供为绿肥，堆肥和泥炭。从第1年到第13年收集了SOM数据，用于模型的校准和验证，该模型是有意组装的，其机制较少，但可达到研究目的。当通过种植绿肥提供有机碳时，施用的有机物数量与保留在土壤中的有机物数量之比最低，而以堆肥的形式提供时，则最高，为对照地的3.7倍。校准模型所需的SOM数据的最短期限随有机物的形式而变化：绿肥5年，堆肥或泥炭6年，对照7年。可靠校准所需的最少数据年份与农作物残渣的返回量显着相关（R-2 = 0.807）。在每种应用策略中，都使用校准模型预测的结果很好地验证了第12年和第13年的SOM含量。相对敏感性分析表明，土壤温度和水分是影响土壤有机质含量的两个主要因素。而腐殖质样有机物部分决定了SOM积累的潜力。长期模拟表明，这些领域中的SOM可能至少需要20年才能稳定下来。

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