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Genomic definition of RIM proteins: evolutionary amplification of a family of synaptic regulatory proteins( small star, filled ).

机译:RIM蛋白的基因组定义:突触调节蛋白家族(小星状,实心)的进化扩增。

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摘要

RIMs are synaptic proteins that are essential for normal neurotransmitter release. We now show that while invertebrates contain only a single RIM gene, vertebrates contain four: two large genes encoding RIM1alpha (0.50 Mb) or RIM2alpha, 2beta, and 2gamma (0.50-0.75 Mb) and two smaller genes encoding RIM3gamma (14 kb) or RIM4gamma (55 kb). RIM1alpha and RIM2alpha consist of an N-terminal Zn(2+)-finger domain, central PDZ and C(2)A domains, and a C-terminal C(2)B domain; RIM2beta consists of a short beta-specific sequence followed by central PDZ and C(2)A domains and a C-terminal C(2)B domain; and RIM2gamma, 3gamma, and 4gamma consist of only a C(2)B domain. In the RIM2 gene, RIM2beta and 2gamma are transcribed from internal promoters. alpha- and beta-RIMs are extensively alternatively spliced at three canonical positions, resulting in >200 variants that differ by up to 400 residues. Thus gene duplication, alternative splicing, and multiple promoters diversify a single invertebrate RIM into a large vertebrate protein family. The multiplicity of vertebrate RIMs may serve to fine-tune neurotransmitter release beyond a fundamental, evolutionarily conserved, and common function for RIMs.
机译:RIM是正常神经递质释放必不可少的突触蛋白。我们现在显示,虽然无脊椎动物仅包含一个RIM基因,但是脊椎动物包含四个:两个编码RIM1alpha(0.50 Mb)或RIM2alpha,2beta和2gamma(0.50-0.75 Mb)的大基因,以及两个编码RIM3gamma(14 kb)的较小基因或RIM4gamma(55 kb)。 RIM1alpha和RIM2alpha由N末端Zn(2+)指结构域,中央PDZ和C(2)A结构域以及C末端C(2)B结构域组成; RIM2beta由短的beta特定序列组成,其后是中央PDZ和C(2)A域和C端C(2)B域; RIM2gamma,3gamma和4gamma仅由一个C(2)B域组成。在RIM2基因中,RIM2beta和2gamma是从内部启动子转录而来的。 alpha-和beta-RIMs广泛地在三个规范位置被剪接,导致> 200个变异体,最多相差400个残基。因此,基因复制,选择性剪接和多个启动子将单个无脊椎动物RIM多样化成一个大型脊椎动物蛋白家族。脊椎动物RIM的多样性可能有助于微调神经递质的释放,使其超出RIM的基本功能,进化保守功能和通用功能。

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