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Plant protection in sugar beets: what has to be considered?

机译：甜菜中的植物保护：必须考虑什么？

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摘要

The base for high sugarbeet and sugar yields is rapid emergence and development. Agronomical measures must, therefore, be optimized to enhance the growth of sugarbeet - to avoid competition from weeds, pests and diseases. This required soil preparation adapted to the location and the weather, the selection of cultivars, seeding adapted to the location and the weather, and appropriate fertilization. Specific knowledge of the most important diseases and pests as well as the expected weed population is also necessary for an economic application of plant protection agents. Weed control has priority and its strategy is determined by the weather. The products used are determined by the weed population: a standard tank mix against a broad weed infestation can be adapted to problematic weeds or environmental conditions by the specific addition of single products or oil. The application rate is determined by the application date. Since the wide use of Gaucho seed dressing (90 g imidacloprid/unit) insect control has been much easier. Up to canopy closure additional insecticide treatments become obsolete. If a more severe attack by larvae of silver Y moth is observed additional treatments become necessary. The importance of leaf diseases has increased during recent years. If there are specific problematic factors, e.g. narrow crop rotation, common incorporation of leaves, or irrigation, the application of fungicides to control fungal leaf diseases assures stable yields. The occurrence of nematodes [Nematoda] and snails [Gastropoda] is influenced by the crop rotation and the cultivation of catch crops. They can only be controlled in the long term by a combination of several agronomical measurements. Field observations to assess the level of attack shouldbe made before control measurements take place.
机译：甜菜和糖产量高的基础是快速出现和发展。因此，必须优化农艺措施以提高甜菜的生长-避免杂草，病虫害和疾病的竞争。这需要根据位置和天气情况进行整地，选择栽培品种，根据位置和天气情况进行播种以及适当的施肥。对于最重要的疾病和害虫以及预期的杂草种群的专门知识，对于经济应用植物保护剂也是必要的。杂草控制具有优先权，其策略取决于天气。所使用的产品由杂草种群决定：针对特定杂草的标准罐混物可以通过添加特定的单一产品或油来适应有问题的杂草或环境条件。申请率取决于申请日期。由于高乔种子拌种剂（90 g吡虫啉/单位）的广泛使用，昆虫防治变得更加容易。直到遮篷关闭，其他杀虫剂处理方法才过时。如果观察到幼虫对银Y蛾的侵害更为严重，则有必要采取其他措施。近年来，叶片疾病的重要性日益提高。如果存在特定的问题因素，例如狭窄的作物轮作，常见的叶子掺入或灌溉，使用杀真菌剂控制真菌性叶病可确保稳定的产量。线虫[Nematoda]和蜗牛[Gastropoda]的发生受到作物轮作和农作物的种植的影响。只能通过多种农艺措施的组合来长期控制它们。在进行控制测量之前，应进行现场观察以评估攻击水平。

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