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首页> 外文期刊>Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift >Modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA) - development as recombinant vaccine and prospects for use in veterinary medicine
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Modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA) - development as recombinant vaccine and prospects for use in veterinary medicine

机译：改良痘苗病毒安卡拉（MVA）-作为重组疫苗的开发以及在兽药中的应用前景

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摘要

Poxviruses as expression vectors are widely used in medical research for the development of recombinant vaccines and molecular therapies. Here we review recent accomplishments in vaccine research using recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA). MVA is a highly attenuated vaccinia virus strain that originated from serial tissue culture passage in chicken embryo fibroblasts more than 40 years ago. Growth adaptation to avian host cells caused deletions and mutations in the viral genome affecting about 15% of the original genetic information. In consequence, MVA is replication-deficient in cells of mammalian origin and fails to produce many of the virulence factors encoded by conventional vaccinia virus. Because of its safety for the general environment MVA can be handled under conditions of biosafety level one. Non-replicating MVA can enter any target cell and activate its molecular life cycle to express all classes of viral and recombinant genes. Therefore, recombinant MVA have been established as an extremely safe and efficient vector system for vaccine development in medical research. By now, various recombinant MVA vaccines have been found safe and immunogenic when used for phase I/II clinical testing in humans, and suitable for industrial scale production following good practice of manufacturing. Thus, there is an obvious usefulness of recombinant MVA vaccines for novel prophylactic and therapeutic approaches also in veterinary medicine. Results from first studies in companion and farm animals are highly promising.
机译：痘病毒作为表达载体在医学研究中广泛用于重组疫苗和分子疗法的开发。在这里，我们回顾了使用重组修饰的痘苗病毒安卡拉（MVA）在疫苗研究中取得的最新成就。 MVA是高度减毒的痘苗病毒株，起源于40多年前的鸡胚成纤维细胞中的连续组织培养传代。对禽类宿主细胞的生长适应导致病毒基因组中的缺失和突变，影响了约15％的原始遗传信息。结果，MVA在哺乳动物来源的细胞中是复制缺陷的，并且不能产生许多由常规痘苗病毒编码的毒力因子。由于其在一般环境中的安全性，因此可以在一级生物安全性条件下处理MVA。非复制型MVA可以进入任何靶细胞并激活其分子生命周期，以表达所有类型的病毒和重组基因。因此，已经建立了重组MVA作为用于医学研究中的疫苗开发的极其安全和有效的载体系统。到目前为止，已发现各种重组MVA疫苗在用于人的I / II期临床试验时是安全且具有免疫原性的，并适合遵循良好生产规范的工业规模生产。因此，重组MVA疫苗对于兽医学中的新的预防和治疗方法也具有明显的实用性。对伴侣动物和农场动物的首次研究结果非常有前途。

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