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Profiling and classification of illicit heroin by ICP-MS analysis of inorganic elements

机译:ICP-MS分析无机元素对非法海洛因进行分析和分类

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摘要

Nineteen inorganic elements (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sb, Th, Tl, U, V and Zn) in heroin samples were determined using inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). After Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and correlation analysis, 10 element contents (P, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Pb, U) and 7 element ratios (U/Ba, Ba/Pb, Cd/Mn, Co/Ni, V/Cr, P/V, Cd/V) were found to be evidently different between heroin samples from "Golden Crescent" and "Golden Triangle". Based on the data set of these 17 variables in 150 authentic heroin samples, classification of origins was successfully achieved utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). By comparison experiment on 907 unknown samples, the developed discriminant model was proven to be consistent with the widely used organic profiling method, and meanwhile the time consumed per sample was markedly saved, which facilitates high throughput screening in routine analysis.
机译:使用电感耦合法测定海洛因样品中的19种无机元素(Ag,As,Ba,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mn,Mo,Ni,P,Pb,Se,Sb,Th,Tl,U,V和Zn)等离子质谱(ICP-MS)。经过Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney测试和相关分析后,得出10种元素含量(P,V,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Pb,U)和7种元素比(U / Ba,Ba / Pb,Cd /发现来自“金新月”和“金三角”的海洛因样品之间的Mn,Co / Ni,V / Cr,P / V,Cd / V明显不同。基于150个真实海洛因样品中这17个变量的数据集,利用主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)成功实现了来源分类。通过对907个未知样品的比较实验,证明了所建立的判别模型与广泛使用的有机特征分析方法是一致的,同时显着节省了每个样品所消耗的时间,这有助于常规分析中的高通量筛选。

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