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首页> 外文期刊>Fish and Fisheries >The value of evidence about past abundance: marine fauna of the Gulfof California through the eyes of 16th to 19th century travellers
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The value of evidence about past abundance: marine fauna of the Gulfof California through the eyes of 16th to 19th century travellers

机译：过去丰富的证据的价值：通过16至19世纪旅行者的眼中的加利福尼亚湾海洋动物群

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Eyewitness accounts written by early travellers to 'the new worlds' provide valuable insights into how seascapes once looked. Although this kind of information has been widely used to chart human impacts on terrestrial ecosystems, it has been greatly overlooked in the marine realm. Here we present a synthesis of 16th to 19th century travellers' descriptions of the Gulf of California and its marine wildlife. The diaries written by conquerors, pirates, missionaries and naturalists described a place in which whales were 'innumerable,' turtles were 'covering the sea' and large fish were so abundant that they could be taken by hand. Beds of pearl oysters that are described had disappeared by 1940 and only historical documents reveal the existence of large, widespread, deep pearl oyster reefs, whose ecology and past functions we know little about. Disqualifying the testimonies of early visitors to a region as 'anecdotal' is dangerous; it may lead to setting inappropriate management targets that could lead to the extinction of species that are rare today but were once much more abundant. Moreover, it represents unfair historical judgement on the work of early natural historians, scholars and scientists. We suggest that the review and analytical synthesis of reports made by early travellers should become part of the pre-requisites for deciding how to manage marine ecosystems today.
机译：早期旅行者为“新世界”撰写的目击者陈述提供了有关曾经如何看待海景的宝贵见解。尽管这类信息已被广泛用于绘制人类对陆地生态系统的影响图，但在海洋领域却被大大忽略了。在这里，我们介绍了16至19世纪旅行者对加利福尼亚湾及其海洋野生动物的描述。征服者，海盗，传教士和博物学家写的日记描述了一个鲸鱼“无数”，海龟“覆盖海”，大鱼多得可以手工捕捞的地方。所描述的珍珠牡蛎床在1940年就消失了，只有历史文献表明存在着巨大，分布广泛的深海珍珠牡蛎礁，我们对其生态和过去的功能知之甚少。将早期来访者的证词取消为“传闻”是危险的;它可能会导致制定不适当的管理目标，从而可能导致如今极少但曾经更加丰富的物种灭绝。此外，它代表了对早期自然历史学家，学者和科学家的工作的不公正的历史判断。我们建议，对早期旅行者的报告进行审查和分析综合，应成为决定如何管理当今海洋生态系统的前提条件的一部分。

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