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首页> 外文期刊>Fisheries Research >Hake (Merluccius merluccius L., 1758) ghost fishing by gill nets off the Algarve (southern Portugal)
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Hake (Merluccius merluccius L., 1758) ghost fishing by gill nets off the Algarve (southern Portugal)

机译：阿尔加维（葡萄牙南部）刺网捕捕无须鳕（Merluccius merluccius L.，1758）

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摘要

An experiment to study ghost fishing using a total of 27 monofilament gill nets in two trials was conducted between 2000 and 2002, approximately 6.5 miles off the city of Faro (Algarve, southern Portugal). The nets were set during spring and autumn, on a sandy-muddy fishing ground at depths between 65 and 78 m, for European hake (Merluccius merluccius). They were set with one end cut loose to simulate lost nets. The hake catches (size, number and biomass) and biofouling (weight) from the twine of the deliberately lost nets were monitored over time, by using grapnel equipment to "creep" for and retrieve the nets in groups of three at sequential increasing intervals. The day before each net retrieval, three control nets were set in order to evaluate the changes in the catching efficiency of the lost nets over time. Similar patterns were observed in both trials, with a sharp decrease in the nets' catching efficiency and an increase on the biofouling. Hake catches were initially comparable to those taken in normally fished gill nets in the area, but decreased steadily over time. Biofouling was strongly associated with declines in net catching efficiency. Under the conditions experienced in the study, the maximum fishing lifetime of a "lost" gill net is 248 days, but showing negligible catches after 3 months. Based on an exponential model, we estimated that a 100 m length of gill net will catch is a maximum 87.6 hake, weighing 29.9 kg during this time. The study showed that hake "ghost fishing" represent only 0.5% of the total annual hake catches in the Algarve, and is considered to be a minor problem compared to discarding.
机译：在2000年至2002年之间，距离法鲁市（葡萄牙南部阿尔加威）约6.5英里，进行了一项使用总共27条单丝刺网研究幽灵捕鱼的实验。在春季和秋季，将网放置在深度为65至78 m的沙质泥泞渔场上，以捕捞欧洲鳕（Merluccius merluccius）。他们将一端切开以模拟丢失的网。随着时间的推移，通过使用抓斗设备以连续增加的间隔“爬行”并以三组为一组的方式捕获网，来监控故意丢失的网的麻线中的捕捞量（大小，数量和生物量）和生物结垢（重量）。每次取网的前一天，设置了三个控制网，以评估丢失的网的捕获效率随时间的变化。在两个试验中都观察到了类似的模式，网的捕捞效率急剧下降，生物污染增加。最初的鳕鱼​​捕捞量与该地区正常捕鱼的刺网捕捞量相当，但随着时间的推移稳步下降。生物污损与净捕捞效率下降密切相关。在研究中所经历的条件下，“丢失”的刺网的最大捕捞寿命为248天，但在3个月后的捕捞量可忽略不计。根据指数模型，我们估计100 m长的刺网将捕获最多87.6鳕鱼，这段时间内重29.9 kg。研究表明，在阿尔加维，无须鳕捕捞的“幽灵捕鱼”仅占全年无须鳕捕捞总量的0.5％，与丢弃相比，这是一个较小的问题。

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