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首页> 外文期刊>Fungal Biology Reviews >Evolutionary origin, worldwide dispersal, and population genetics of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans.
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Evolutionary origin, worldwide dispersal, and population genetics of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans.

机译：干腐真菌Serpula lacrymans的进化起源，全球分布和种群遗传学。

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Recent research on the evolution, phylogeography and population genetics of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans is reviewed. The fungus causes severe damage to construction wood in temperate regions worldwide. Multi-locus genetic analyses have shown that S. lacrymans includes two cryptic species currently referred to as var. shastensis and var. lacrymans. Both lineages occur naturally in high altitude regions, but var. lacrymans has also spread from its natural range in Asia, and established itself in indoor environments in temperate regions worldwide. Japan was apparently colonized independently from Europe, North and South America by var. lacrymans. The population found in Australia and New Zealand seems to represent a mixture of the Japanese and the Euro-American lineages. Little genetic variation exists in the founder populations of var. lacrymans worldwide. Due to the introduction of a limited number of vic (vegetative incompatibility) alleles into the founder populations, genetically different individuals often cannot recognize self from non-self through the vegetative incompatibility response. Moreover, only a low number of MAT (mating) alleles seem to be present in Europe. Genetic analyses of the European and Japanese indoor populations have shown that S. lacrymans mainly spreads sexually via basidiospores. Surprisingly, an excess of heterozygotes has been observed in the founder populations. This could be due to heterozygote advantage caused by a limited number of MAT alleles. Recent analyses of the S. lacrymans genome provide new opportunities for further research on the dry rot fungus.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2012.08.001
机译：本文综述了干腐真菌Serpula lacrymans的进化，系统地理学和种群遗传学的最新研究进展。这种真菌在全球温带地区严重破坏了建筑木材。多基因座遗传分析表明，酿酒酵母包括两个目前称为var的隐性物种。 shastensis和var。 lacrymans。两种谱系自然发生在高海拔地区，但可变。 lacrymans也已从其自然界传播到亚洲，并在全球温带地区的室内环境中确立了自己的地位。日本显然是由var独立于欧洲，北美和南美殖民的。 lacrymans。在澳大利亚和新西兰发现的人口似乎代表了日本人和欧美人的血统。 var的始祖种群几乎没有遗传变异。全球的lacrymans。由于在创始人群中引入了数量有限的vic（营养不相容）等位基因，因此遗传上不同的个体通常无法通过营养不相容反应识别非自我的自我。此外，欧洲似乎只存在少量的MAT（交配）等位基因。对欧洲和日本室内人口的遗传分析表明，酿酒酵母主要通过担子孢子有性传播。令人惊讶的是，在创始人群中观察到过量的杂合子。这可能是由于有限数量的MAT等位基因引起的杂合子优势。乳酸链球菌基因组的最新分析为进一步研究干腐真菌提供了新的机会。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2012.08.001

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