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首页> 外文期刊>Fungal Biology Reviews >Early endosomes motility in filamentous fungi: How and Why they move
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Early endosomes motility in filamentous fungi: How and Why they move

机译：丝状真菌的早期内体运动：如何以及为什么移动

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摘要

Elongate hyphae of filamentous fungi grow predominantly at their tips, whereas organelles are positioned in the subapical parts of the cell. Organelle positioning and long-distance intracellular communication involves active, energy-dependent transport along microtubules (MTs). This is mediated by specialized molecular motors, named kinesins and dynein, which utilize ATP hydrolysis to "walk" along the tubulin polymers. Work in the basidiomycete Ustilago maydis and the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans has shown that early endosomes (EEs) are one of the major cargos of MT-dependent motors in fungi. EEs are part of the early endocytic pathway, and their motility behavior and the underlying transport machinery is well understood. However, the physiological role of constant bi-directional EE motility remains elusive. Recent reports, conducted in the corn smut fungus U. maydis, have provided novel insights into the cellular function of EE motility. They show that EE motility is crucial for the distribution of the protein synthesis machinery, and also that EEs transmit signals during plant infection that trigger the production of fungal effector proteins, required for successful invasion into host plants. (C) 2015 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：丝状真菌的伸长菌丝主要在其顶端生长，而细胞器位于细胞的根尖下部分。细胞器的定位和远距离的细胞内通讯涉及沿着微管（MTs）的主动，能量依赖的转运。这是由称为驱动蛋白和动力蛋白的专门分子马达介导的，它们利用ATP水解沿着微管蛋白聚合物“游走”。在担子菌Ustilago maydis和子囊菌Aspergillus nidulans中的研究表明，早期内体（EEs）是真菌中MT依赖的运动的主要货物之一。 EEs是早期内吞途径的一部分，其运动行为和潜在的运输机制已广为人知。但是，持续双向EE运动的生理作用仍然难以捉摸。在玉米黑穗病菌U. maydis中进行的最新报道提供了对EE运动的细胞功能的新颖见解。他们表明，EE运动对蛋白质合成机制的分布至关重要，而且EE在植物感染过程中会传递信号，触发真菌效应蛋白的产生，这是成功入侵宿主植物所必需的。 （C）2015英国Mycological Society。由Elsevier Ltd.出版。保留所有权利。

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