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Magneto-aerostatic bearing for miniature air turbine

机译：微型空气涡轮机的静磁轴承

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摘要

Under the circumstance of pursuing high speed and miniaturization, mini-type air turbines have been widely applied to high-speed dental handpieces in recent years. Among all the components of a mini-type air turbine, bearing is the most important part which significantly affects its efficiency. Friction, collision, and wear are the main causes to make the ball bearing unable to reach higher efficiency. Though very small sliding friction can be realized by the aerostatic bearing, its poor bearing capacity limits the application. This research combines the magnetic and aerostatic levitation principle to develop a magneto-aerostatic hybrid bearing for miniature air turbine. The aerostatic bearing undertakes the main function of the radial and the axial bearings. However, the air bearing also possesses a drawback, which is pneumatic hammer effect induced by the air compressibility. In order to eliminate the pneumatic instability, an axial passive magnetic bearing is integrated into the aerostatic bearing. With the magnetic bearing, not only the bearing capacity can be improved, but also the pneumatic hammer effect can be significantly damped. Both theoretical calculation and finite element method (FEM) are used to study the cause and elimination solution of the pneumatic instability. Through experimental testing, the performance of our developed magneto-aerostatic bearing is also verified. The magneto-aerostatic bearing suppresses the axial vibration over 57%, and also enhances its axial bearing capacity by 50%.
机译：在追求高速和小型化的情况下，近年来，微型空气涡轮机已被广泛应用于高速牙科手机。在微型空气涡轮机的所有组件中，轴承是最重要的部分，它会显着影响其效率。摩擦，碰撞和磨损是导致滚珠轴承无法达到更高效率的主要原因。尽管空气静压轴承可以实现很小的滑动摩擦，但其差的承载能力限制了其应用。这项研究结合了磁悬浮和空气静力悬浮原理，开发出了用于小型空气涡轮机的磁-空气静力混合轴承。空气静力轴承承担着径向和轴向轴承的主要功能。然而，空气轴承也具有缺点，这是由空气可压缩性引起的气锤效应。为了消除气动不稳定性，将轴向无源磁性轴承集成到空气静力轴承中。利用磁性轴承，不仅可以提高轴承能力，而且可以显着抑制气动锤效应。理论计算和有限元方法（FEM）都用于研究气动不稳定性的原因和消除方法。通过实验测试，我们开发的磁空气静压轴承的性能也得到了验证。静磁轴承将轴向振动抑制在57％以上，轴向承载能力提高了50％。

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