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首页> 外文期刊>Medical decision making: An international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making >Design Features of Explicit Values Clarification Methods: A Systematic Review
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Design Features of Explicit Values Clarification Methods: A Systematic Review

机译：显式值澄清方法的设计特征：系统综述

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Background. Values clarification is a recommended element of patient decision aids. Many different values clarification methods exist, but there is little evidence synthesis available to guide design decisions. Purpose. To describe practices in the field of explicit values clarification methods according to a taxonomy of design features. Data Sources. MEDLINE, all EBM Reviews, CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, manual search of reference lists, and expert contacts. Study Selection. Articles were included if they described 1 or more explicit values clarification methods. Data Extraction. We extracted data about decisions addressed; use of theories, frameworks, and guidelines; and 12 design features. Data Synthesis. We identified 110 articles describing 98 explicit values clarification methods. Most of these addressed decisions in cancer or reproductive health, and half addressed a decision between just 2 options. Most used neither theory nor guidelines to structure their design. Pros and cons was the most common type of values clarification method. Most methods did not allow users to add their own concerns. Few methods explicitly presented tradeoffs inherent in the decision, supported an iterative process of values exploration, or showed how different options aligned with users' values. Limitations. Study selection criteria and choice of elements for the taxonomy may have excluded values clarification methods or design features. Conclusions. Explicit values clarification methods have diverse designs but can be systematically cataloged within the structure of a taxonomy. Developers of values clarification methods should carefully consider each of the design features in this taxonomy and publish adequate descriptions of their designs. More research is needed to study the effects of different design features.
机译：背景。价值澄清是患者决策辅助的推荐要素。存在许多不同的值澄清方法，但是几乎没有证据可用于指导设计决策。目的。根据设计特征的分类法来描述显式值澄清方法领域的实践。数据源。 MEDLINE，所有EBM评论，CINAHL，EMBASE，Google Scholar，参考列表的手动搜索以及专家联系人。研究选择。如果文章描述了一种或多种明确的值澄清方法，则将其包括在内。数据提取。我们提取了有关已解决决策的数据;使用理论，框架和指南;和12个设计功能。数据综合。我们确定了110篇文章，描述了98种明确的值澄清方法。其中大多数解决了癌症或生殖健康方面的决定，一半解决了仅在两种选择之间做出的决定。大多数人既没有使用理论也没有使用准则来构造其设计。优点和缺点是最常见的价值澄清方法。大多数方法不允许用户添加自己的关注点。很少有方法能够明确显示决策中固有的权衡因素，支持价值探索的迭代过程，或显示不同的选项如何与用户的价值保持一致。局限性。研究选择标准和分类标准的元素选择可能排除了数值澄清方法或设计特征。结论显式值澄清方法具有多种设计，但可以在分类法的结构内系统地进行分类。价值澄清方法的开发人员应仔细考虑此分类法中的每个设计功能，并发布对其设计的充分说明。需要更多的研究来研究不同设计特征的影响。

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