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The educational theory basis of team-based learning

机译：团队学习的教育理论基础

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Background: Health care providers require the ability to use critical thinking skills and work effectively in a team as a part of an overall set of competencies. Therefore, educational programs should use appropriate methods based in educational theory to effectively graduate learners with these abilities. Team-based learning (TBL) is a method that has been introduced in healthcare education to foster critical thinking skills while students work in high functioning teams. Aims: This article will show how TBL follows the principles of constructivist learning theory. Method: The principles of constructivist learning theory are discussed in relation to the teaching method of team-based learning. The effectiveness of TBL in healthcare education is then reviewed. Results: TBL is learner centered with the teacher acting as an expert facilitator and also provides students with opportunities to expose inconsistencies between their current understandings and new experiences thus stimulating development of new personal mental frameworks built upon previous knowledge. The learning is active using relevant problems and group interaction. Teamwork skills are strengthened by focused reflection on new experiences during the group sessions and on teamwork success by providing feedback to group members. Conclusion: Since these aspects are all essential components of constructivist educational theory, TBL is solidly grounded in the theory and is a promising method to strengthen healthcare education.
机译：背景：医疗保健提供者需要具有运用批判性思维能力并在团队中有效工作的能力，这是整体能力的一部分。因此，教育计划应使用基于教育理论的适当方法来有效地培养具有这些能力的学习者。基于团队的学习（TBL）是医疗保健教育中引入的一种方法，可在学生在高功能团队中工作时培养批判性思维技能。目的：本文将介绍TBL如何遵循建构主义学习理论的原理。方法：关于基于团队学习的教学方法，讨论了建构主义学习理论的原理。然后回顾了TBL在医疗保健教育中的有效性。结果：TBL以老师为中心，以学习者为中心，同时也为学生提供了机会，使他们了解自己当前的理解与新经历之间的矛盾，从而促进基于先前知识的新个人心理框架的发展。使用相关问题和小组互动进行学习。通过集中反思小组会议上的新经验以及通过向小组成员提供反馈来反映团队合作成功来增强团队合作技能。结论：由于这些都是建构主义教育理论的基本组成部分，因此，TBL扎根于该理论，是加强医疗保健教育的一种有前途的方法。

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