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Preface MicroRNA: A Newcomer to Biological Science

机译:前言MicroRNA:生物科学的新手

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One of the major surprìses from the Human Genome Project is that more than 98% of the human genome does not encode proteins. Over the last decade, it has been gradually accepted that these non-coding sequences, originally considered as "noise" or "dark matter," are not "junk DNA" after all. Recent studies have documented pervasive transcription across 70-90% of human genome, and non-coding RNAs comprise most of the human transcriptome. It became clear that these non-coding RNAs accomplish a remarkable variety of biological functions [1]. Based on their size, non-coding RNAs can be divided into long non-coding RNAs and small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA). The most prominent examples of sncRNA are transfer RNA (tRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Recently, the biomedical fields have manifested a rapidly expanding interest in several newly identified families of sncRNAs, including microRNAs.
机译:人类基因组计划的主要惊喜之一是,超过98%的人类基因组不编码蛋白质。在过去的十年中,逐渐被人们接受的是,这些最初被认为是“噪声”或“暗物质”的非编码序列毕竟不是“垃圾DNA”。最近的研究表明,人类基因组中70-90%的转录普遍存在,非编码RNA构成了人类转录组的大部分。显然,这些非编码RNA实现了多种生物学功能[1]。根据其大小,非编码RNA可以分为长非编码RNA和小非编码RNA(sncRNA)。 sncRNA最突出的例子是转移RNA(tRNA),小核仁RNA(snoRNA)和小核RNA(snRNA)。近来,生物医学领域对包括smRNA在内的几个新鉴定的sncRNA家族表现出了迅速增长的兴趣。

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