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首页> 外文期刊>Berichte des Meteorologischen Institutes der Universitat Freiburg >Crop weather interaction studies in a natural sweetener plant (Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni) in Indian Western Himalaya
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Crop weather interaction studies in a natural sweetener plant (Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni) in Indian Western Himalaya

机译：印度西部喜马拉雅山天然甜味剂植物（甜叶菊甜菊）的作物天气相互作用研究

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摘要

Agriculture and climate are closely linked in terms of crop growth, development and production,which are affected by both long-term meteorological factors (the climate) and short-term meteorological events (the weather). The major limiting factors for higher crop productivity are sunlight and temperature. Crop-weather interaction studies in medicinal plants are very meager and need particular attention to ensure higher molecule recovery depending on the stage of crop growth. The leaf of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni contains specific glycosides, which produce a sweet taste, but have no calorific value. Stevia has thus become the hottest new cash crop opportunity for those in the agribusiness sector. In view of the growing importance of this crop world wide, crop-weather interaction studies were carried out from 2007 to 2008 at the experimental farm of Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur (HP), India. The established agroclimatic indices for temperature studied elsewhere in the domain viz., temperature difference (TD), relative temperature disparity (RTD), growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU) were computed for stevia. The variation in development of different phenophases and harvesting of stevia after transplanting was manifested by varied accumulation of heat units. Day length showed highest correlation with accumulation of biomass and marker compounds. Obviously, late transplanted crop had shown shorter phenological stages and accumulated lower heat units than the early transplanted crop. Ambient temperature affects the crop growth and yield through photosynthesis, respiration, growth, dry matter production and its distribution with change in cumulative temperature difference, reproductive phenology duration changed accordingly. The dry leaf yield, stevioside and rebaudioside A contents correlated well with cumulative TD, RTD, GDD, HTU, PTU and bright sunshine hours. This implies that temperature has a major role in the biosynthesis and accumulation of these compounds in the plants.
机译：农业和气候在作物生长，发展和生产方面密切相关，受长期气象因素（气候）和短期气象事件（天气）的影响。作物高产的主要限制因素是日光和温度。药用植物的作物-天气相互作用研究非常薄弱，需要特别注意以确保根据作物生长阶段获得更高的分子回收率。甜叶菊（Bertoni）的叶中含有特定的糖苷，这些糖苷产生甜味，但无热值。因此，对于农业综合企业而言，甜叶菊已成为最热门的新经济作物机会。鉴于这种作物在世界范围内的重要性日益增加，从2007年至2008年在印度Palampur（HP）的喜马拉雅生物资源技术研究所的实验农场进行了作物与天气的相互作用研究。为甜叶菊计算了在该领域中其他地方研究的温度的已建立农业气候指数，即温差（TD），相对温度差异（RTD），生长天数（GDD），日热单位（HTU）和光热单位（PTU）。移植后不同表相发育和甜叶菊收获后的变化表现为热量单位的积累不同。日间长度显示出与生物量和标记化合物积累的最大相关性。显然，与早期移植作物相比，晚期移植作物表现出较短的物候期并积累了较低的热量单位。环境温度通过光合作用，呼吸作用，生长，干物质生产及其分布，随着累积温差的变化而影响作物的生长和产量，生殖物候持续时间也随之变化。干叶产量，甜菊糖苷和莱鲍迪苷A含量与累积TD，RTD，GDD，HTU，PTU和明亮的日照时间密切相关。这意味着温度在植物中这些化合物的生物合成和积累中起着重要作用。

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