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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology >Forewarned is forearmed: early signals of RHP predict opponent fatigue in hermit crab shell fights
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Forewarned is forearmed: early signals of RHP predict opponent fatigue in hermit crab shell fights

机译：预先警告：RHP的早期信号预测对手在寄居蟹壳争斗中的疲劳

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摘要

In animal contests, opponents often perform repeated displays that are assumed to advertise their stamina and thereby fighting ability. However, given the severe time and energetic constraints imposed by such displays, we hypothesized that separate signals, performed early in a fight, may be used to reduce subsequent costs. We investigated whether the amount of cheliped flicks performed by a defending hermit crab during a prefight assessment period was indicative of the performance capacity of the defender and whether the frequency of flicks predicted the subsequent outcome of contests. Defenders that won fights by retaining their shells produced more vigorous flicking than those that were evicted. There was a strong trend between the rate of flicking performed by the defender and the maximum speed attained in performance capacity trials. Further, the rate of flicking was positively correlated with the duration of pauses that attackers left between bouts of shell-rapping, an indicator of attacker fatigue. Thus, these displays might inform the attacker about the potential persistence of the defender and therefore about the likely costs that the attacker will incur. Indeed, the rate of flicking performed by defenders early in the fight strongly predicts the eventual outcome of the contest.
机译：在动物比赛中，对手经常进行反复的表演，这些表演被认为是在宣传自己的耐力，从而打败他们的能力。但是，考虑到此类显示器所施加的严峻时间和精力上的限制，我们假设在战斗初期执行的单独信号可用于降低后续成本。我们调查了在预赛评估期间，一只防御性寄居蟹进行的螯状甩动的数量是否指示了防御者的能力，甩动的频率是否可以预测比赛的后续结果。通过保留炮弹赢得战斗的防御者比被驱逐的防御者更有力。防守者的甩打速度与表演能力试验中达到的最大速度之间存在很强的趋势。此外，轻弹的速率与攻击者在两次shell弹之间留下的停顿持续时间呈正相关，这是攻击者疲劳的指标。因此，这些显示可能会告知攻击者防御者的潜在持久性，并因此告知攻击者可能产生的成本。的确，捍卫者在战斗初期进行的轻打动作速度强烈地预测了比赛的最终结果。

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