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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >The diversity and evolution of circadian clock proteins in fungi.
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The diversity and evolution of circadian clock proteins in fungi.

机译：昼夜节律时钟蛋白在真菌中的多样性和进化。

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Circadian rhythms are endogenous cellular patterns that associate multiple physiological and molecular functions with time. The Neurospora circadian system contains at least three oscillators: the FRQ/WC-dependent circadian oscillator (FWO), whose core components are the FRQ, WC-1, WC-2, FRH, and FWD-1 proteins; the WC-dependent circadian oscillator (WC-FLO); and one or more FRQ/WC-independent oscillators (FLO). Little is known about the distribution of homologs of the Neurospora clock proteins or about the molecular foundations of circadian rhythms across fungi. Here, we examined 64 diverse fungal proteomes for homologs of all five Neurospora clock proteins and retraced their evolutionary history. The FRH and FWD-1 proteins were likely present in the fungal ancestor. WC-1 and WC-2 homologs are absent from the early diverging chytrids and Microsporidia but are present in all other major clades. In contrast to the deep origins of these four clock proteins FRQ homologs are taxonomically restricted within Sordariomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes. The large number of FRH and FWD-1 homologs identified and their lack of concordance with the fungal species phylogeny indicate that they likely underwent multiple rounds of duplications and losses. In contrast, the FRQ WC-1 and WC-2 proteins exhibit relatively few duplications and losses. A notable exception is the 10 FRQ-like proteins in Fusarium oxysporum, which resulted from nine duplication events. Our results suggest that the machinery required for FWO oscillator function is taxonomically restricted within Ascomycetes. Although the WC proteins are widely distributed, the functional diversity of the few non-Neurospora circadian oscillators suggests that a WC-FLO oscillator is unlikely to fully explain the observed rhythms. The contrast between the diversity of circadian oscillators and the conservation of most of their machinery is likely best explained by considering the centrality of noncircadian functions in which RNA helicase (FRH), F-box (FWD-1), WC-1 and WC-2 (light-sensing) proteins participate in fungi and eukaryotes.
机译：昼夜节律是将多种生理和分子功能与时间联系在一起的内源性细胞模式。 Neurospora 昼夜节律系统至少包含三个振荡器：FRQ / WC相关的昼夜节律振荡器（FWO），其核心组件为FRQ，WC-1，WC-2，FRH和FWD-1蛋白质依赖于WC的昼夜节律振荡器（WC-FLO）;和一个或多个FRQ / WC独立振荡器（FLO）。关于神经孢子钟蛋白的同源物的分布或关于真菌的昼夜节律的分子基础知之甚少。在这里，我们检查了64种不同的真菌蛋白质组中所有 Neurospora 时钟蛋白的同源物，并追溯了它们的进化历史。 FRH和FWD-1蛋白可能存在于真菌祖先中。早期发散的壶菌和微孢子虫缺乏WC-1和WC-2同源物，但在所有其他主要进化枝中都存在。与这四种时钟蛋白的深层起源相反，FRQ同源物在分类学上被限制在Sordariomycetes，Leotiomycetes和Dothideomycetes中。已鉴定出大量的FRH和FWD-1同源物，并且与真菌物种的系统发育缺乏一致性，表明它们可能经历了多轮重复和损失。相反，FRQ WC-1和WC-2蛋白表现出相对较少的重复和丢失。一个值得注意的例外是尖孢镰孢中的10种FRQ样蛋白，这是由9次重复事件引起的。我们的结果表明，FWO振荡器功能所需的机械在分类学上受到子囊菌的限制。尽管WC蛋白分布广泛，但少数非 Neurospora 昼夜节律振荡器的功能多样性表明WC-FLO振荡器不太可能完全解释所观察到的节律。通过考虑非昼夜节律功能的中心性（RNA解旋酶（FRH），F-box（FWD-1），WC-1和WC- 2（光敏）蛋白参与真菌和真核生物。

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